How are proverbs different? What is the difference between proverbs and sayings

Now we move on to Russian proverbs, which it would also be nice for each of us to know.

Russian proverbs and sayings, as everyone knows, this is folk wisdom that came to us from life experience. Now let's look at the most frequently used among them among the people, as well as their interpretations, among other things. For convenience, Russian proverbs and sayings are presented alphabetically.

Russian proverbs and sayings and their meaning

Appetite comes with eating.
The deeper you delve into something, the more you learn about it.

A woman with a cart makes it easier for a mare.
About the departure of an unnecessary person who is not so useful to anything.

Trouble doesn’t walk through the forest, but through people.
Misfortunes with people are the real trouble, and not with what surrounds them.

Misfortunes never come alone.
She will definitely “take” at least one more with her.

Poverty is not a vice.
You should not judge people for poverty, since it is not their negative quality.

You can’t even catch a fish from a pond without difficulty.
Nothing can be achieved without persistence and effort.

Take care of your dress again, and take care of your honor from a young age.
About norms of behavior in society, etc. And if something is lost or torn, it will no longer be possible to restore it.

God saves man, who save himself.
It is easier for a person who is careful in his actions to avoid dangers and unjustified risks.

Free cheese only comes in a mousetrap.
Goods and services given for free are usually given to us with a catch, unpleasant consequences.

God marks the rogue.
Evil deeds and other negative qualities do not go unpunished.

A chatterbox is a godsend for a spy.
If you brag to people about your success, about the elevation of your deeds, then there will be envious people trying to drag you back down. Like a proverb What you boast about, you will be left without.

For a big ship, a long voyage.
A person with great abilities gets great opportunities.

If you suffer for a long time, something will work out.
If you really try in a difficult matter, you can achieve at least something.

Paper will endure anything.
Paper, unlike people, will tolerate any lie, any mistake written on it.

Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.
Home comfort, created with your own hands or the hands of a loved one, cannot be replaced by any visit.

In a healthy body healthy mind.
By keeping the body healthy, a person also maintains mental well-being.

Every family has its black sheep.
In any family or team there will always be a person with negative qualities.

In the dark all cats are gray.
A person's appearance can be deceiving if one does not know his spiritual quality.

In crowded but not mad.
A little inconvenience for everyone is better than more serious problem only one.

Still waters run deep.
Quiet and calm-looking people often hide a complex nature.

They don’t go to someone else’s monastery with their own rules.
In a foreign team or society, you should not behave only according to your own rules and procedures.

We see the speck in someone else's eye, but we don't notice the log in our own.
The mistakes and shortcomings of other people are more noticeable than your own.

Live forever, learn forever, but you will die a fool.
About the impossibility of knowing everything, even with a constant and persistent acquisition of knowledge.

I picked up the tug - don’t say it’s not strong.
Once you take up a task, bring it to the end, despite the difficulties.

A bird is visible in flight, and a man is visible in business.
About people who, through their deeds and their appearance, show others their nature.

Water wears away stones.
Even minor work, manifested long and persistently, gives good results.

Pound water in a mortar and there will be water.
About doing a stupid thing that does not bring anything useful.

The wolf's legs feed him.
To earn a living, you need to move, be active, and not sit still.

If you are afraid of wolves, do not go into the forest.
If you are afraid of difficulties or dangerous consequences, then you shouldn’t start any business.

All diseases are caused by nerves.
Anger, resentment and resentment weaken the immune system, which leads to the formation of diseases. Avoid anything that makes you nervous. Be patient.

Everything will be ground - there will be flour.
Any problem sooner or later turns into a good result.

All is well that ends well.
If the ending of something is good, then there is nothing to worry about.

Everything has its time.
Everything happens at the appointed time, not earlier and not later.

Everyone goes crazy in their own way.
Each person has their own advantages and disadvantages.

Every cricket knows its nest.
Everyone should know their place and not interfere with someone else’s.

Every bast in line.
Everything can be useful, everything can be used, any mistake is blamed.

Where there is anger, there is mercy.
Not everything can be done with just anger; over time, mercy comes.

Where wood is cut, chips fly.
In any business there are always losses and costs.

Needed where was born.
About a place of birth that would not be worth leaving forever.

Where it's thin, that's where it breaks.
A strong link remains strong, but a weak link cracks.

The eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing.
It's scary to take on a task until you finally take it on.

The need for invention is cunning.
The need and poverty of a person make him more intelligent and inventive.

Mountain does not converge with mountain, but man does not converge with man.
About people, despite the mountains, who are capable by nature of understanding each other and meeting each other halfway.

One grave will correct a hunchback, but a club will correct a stubborn one.
It is difficult, and sometimes impossible, for a person to get rid of his bad habits.

Prepare a sleigh in the summer and a cart in the winter.
Before you start anything, you must first prepare in advance.

They do not look at a given horse's teeth.
For any gift you are supposed to thank and rejoice at it, they say, take what you give.

Two bears do not live in the same den.
About two rivals vying for leadership. There is no room for two owners in one house.

The master's work is afraid.
The work carried out by the master is completed efficiently and quickly.

Time for business, time for fun.
Most of the time should be spent on study and work, and only partly on rest and entertainment.

For a dear friend and an earring.
For good friend or a loved one, you don’t feel sorry for even the most valuable one.

Debt good turn deserves another.
Good attitude He will definitely return the same to people.

Expensive egg for Easter day.
It's always nice to get what you expect at the right time, in the right place.

Friendship is friendship, and service is service.
Friendly relationships should not affect work relationships, however, and vice versa.

A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Only a friend will do everything possible for you to save you in a difficult situation.

There is no law for fools.
Only an intelligent person succumbs to rules and laws; fools have no time for them.

A bad example is contagious.
About imitation of a bad example, a bad deed of another person.

Living life is not a field to cross.
Life is a complicated thing, living it is not very easy.

If you chase two hares, you won’t catch either.
It is impossible to achieve two goals at the same time; it is better to do everything sequentially.

You can't see the forest for the trees.
By focusing on little things or on the same thing, it is impossible to see the main thing.

The Forbidden fruit is sweet.
Taking someone else’s or forbidden things is much more pleasant than taking your own.

Make a fool pray to God, and he’ll even bruise his forehead.
An overly zealous person can harm the business.

You can't erase a word from a song.
It is impossible to change or hide something with words without distorting reality.

If only I knew where to fall, I would have laid out straws.
About caution, forethought, so that there is no trouble.

Each sandpiper praises its swamp.
Every person praises the place in which he lives, but everything else is foreign and unusual.

Everyone judges according to the extent of their depravity.
The more corrupt a person himself is, the more corrupt the people around him seem to be.

Everyone judges for himself.
The way a person is, the people around him seem to be the same.

As it comes back, so will it respond.
Any actions towards people around you, good or bad, eventually turn out to be the same.

Whatever you name the ship, that’s how it will sail.
What you set out for is what you get.

You can't spoil porridge with oil.
What is useful and pleasant cannot cause harm, even if there is too much of it.

Fight fire with fire.
The results of any action should be eliminated by the same means that caused this action.

The end is the crown of the whole thing.
It is important to complete any task.

Finished the job - go for a walk safely.
Once you finish your work, you can rest peacefully without thinking about it.

The horse has four legs and even then stumbles.
Even the most intelligent, dexterous and skillful people can sometimes make mistakes.

A penny saves the ruble.
To accumulate a lot, you must not neglect the little.

The hut is red not in its corners, but in its pies.
The owner of the house is valued not by wealth, but by hospitality.

Beauty requires sacrifice.
To look beautiful, you have to endure inconvenience.

Who seeks will always find.
When a person really tries to look, he actually finds what he was looking for.

Whoever gets up early, God gives him.
Whoever is not lazy to get up early will have a longer day and a more luxuriant harvest.

Where the needle goes, so does the thread.
About a person dependent on someone or about close attachment to each other.

Strike while the iron is hot.
While the opportunity allows, it is better to act, otherwise it may not exist later.

The chicken pecks one grain at a time, but is full.
By doing something regularly, even if only a little at a time, you can achieve results.

You can't break through walls with your forehead.
It is useless to achieve something without having enough strength for it.

They don't hit someone who is lying down.
It is not customary to finish off someone who is injured or in trouble.

A fly in the ointment.
When everything is good, any, even minor, dirty trick can ruin everything.

Better the bitter truth than a sweet lie.
You won't get far with a lie, unlike the truth, no matter what it is.

Better to see once than hear a hundred times.
You should not believe words, you should only look at actions.

Better late than never.
It is better to do something at least someday than not to do it at all.

A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
It is better to have something small and quite accessible than something large and difficult to achieve.

Love for all ages.
A person has the ability to fall in love at absolutely any age.

If you love to ride, you also love to carry a sled.
To achieve something in your life, make an effort.

The less you know the better you sleep.
The more you know, the more excitement and worry there is.

The world is not without good people.
There will always be generous people with a desire to help in someone else's troubles.

Young is green.
Adolescents and young people, unlike adults, are not mature enough in their knowledge.

Silent means consent.
Silence is like an assumption of an affirmative answer.

Moscow was not built in a day.
Everything complex and perfect is never given at once, only with a gain of experience.

In the absence of fish, cancer is a fish.
If you don't have what you want, at least something can be useful.

Trust in God, and don’t make a mistake yourself.
You should not rely solely on God when doing something. It’s better to do everything yourself, and just ask God for support.

Every man to his own taste.
Tastes and preferences different people may differ from each other.

You can't please everyone.
You can't please everyone, no matter what you do. Even if you are an angel, someone may not like the rustling of your wings.

Simplicity is enough for every wise man.
No matter how wise and perspicacious a person is, he can be deceived.

The animal runs towards the catcher.
It is easier for those who are brave, persistent, and stubborn to achieve anything they want.

There is no trial.
About the humble acceptance of the absence of something or the refusal of a request.

They carry water to the offended.
A person must be able to forgive. And an offended person looks of no interest to anyone.

Hope dies last.
Even with disappointment or complete failure, there is still hope for the best.

Gruzdev called himself get in the body.
If you boast or promise to do something, do it.

You won't be nice by force.
No one can be forced to love against their will.

It is not God who burns the pots.
Man is doomed to cope with his tasks himself, and not rely only on God alone.

Don't sit in your own sleigh.
Equivalent to the expression “Mind your own business.”

Not everything is Maslenitsa, there is also Lent.
Life is not always a holiday. It comes in changeable stripes.

All that glitters is not gold.
Any thing or entity, no matter how beautiful it looks, is not determined only by external signs. The internal signs are more important.

If you don't know the ford, don't go into the water.
Before you do anything, you should know how it is done.

Don't have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends.
Money disappears the first time you go to the store, but friends remain forever.

It is not the place that makes the person, but the person the place.
It is more important in a person to know his character, spiritual qualities, and not his status.

Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
While there is an opportunity, it is better to carry out your plans right away, in order to avoid acquiring laziness and regret in the future.

Don't spit in the well - you'll need some water to drink.
You should not spoil your relationship with a person, no matter what he is. After all, in the future it can turn out to be very useful, and even save lives.

Not caught - not a thief, not caught - not cheated.
A person is not guilty of an offense until proven guilty.

Don't dig a hole for someone else - you yourself will fall into it.
A person who does bad things to others suffers himself, having encountered the consequences of his own actions.

Don't cut the branch you're sitting on.
Don’t do stupid things and evil, because you yourself can choke on the same thing.

The devil is not as scary as he is painted.
An indication of exaggeration of the significance of any negative phenomenon.

Man does not live by bread alone.
A person has not only material qualities, but also spiritual ones.

There is no smoke without fire.
Nothing happens just like that, for example, there is no gossip without reason.

Every cloud has a silver lining.
For any difficult situation You can always extract something pleasant and useful.

Having burned yourself on milk, you blow on the water.
Having made a mistake once, in the future you become more careful and prudent.

There is safety in numbers.
It is more difficult to withstand something alone, to win a fight, than with someone else.

One head is good, but two are even better.
Two people will be able to solve any problem better and faster, unlike one.

One swallow does not make spring.
The very first and only sign of a phenomenon is not the phenomenon itself.

From love to hate one step.
It won't be difficult to anger a person and make him hate you.

No one is immune from the event.
No matter how hard you try to prevent trouble, it can still happen.

It's a double-edged sword.
For every desired action there is a reaction.

The first pancake is lumpy.
Anything doesn't always work out really well the first time.

Stretch your legs along the clothes.
About living according to your means, income, in accordance with your capabilities.

They meet you by their clothes, they see them off by their intelligence.
A meeting with a person is valued according to external signs, and parting - according to internal, mental ones.

Even a sword does not cut a guilty head.
You should not seriously punish a person who voluntarily admitted his guilt.

Repetition is the mother of learning.
The more you repeat, the better you know.

A rolling stone gathers no moss.
If you do nothing, nothing will come of it.

Until the thunder strikes, the man will not cross himself.
About a person’s ability to drag out his illness or other problem until the last moment, until it finally resolves itself.

Trying is not torture, demand is not a problem.
There is nothing stopping you from at least trying to do something rather than not doing it at all.

After a fight they don’t wave their fists.
It is unacceptable to change anything when it is too late.

If you hurry, you will make people laugh.
Any task should be done calmly, slowly, in order to avoid a funny situation.

Forewarned is forearmed.
What a person is warned about, he is ready for.

When trouble comes, open the gate.
Misfortune never comes alone. Therefore, you need to be more careful and prepared for anything.

The frightened crow is afraid of the bush.
If a person is truly scared, he will be afraid of everything that surrounds him.

For a drunk, the sea is knee-deep, and the puddle is up to his ears.
A drunk person is drawn to actions that, being sober, he would never dare to do.

Once a year the stick shoots.
Very rarely, but still the impossible may well become possible.

One born to crawl cannot fly.
If a person is born a fool, then he will die a fool.

Fish looks for where it is deeper, and man looks for where it is better.
About people who want better devices for their lives.

The fish rots from the head.
If the government is bad, so will its subordinates.

Birds of a feather flock together.
Close people easily find a common language.

To live with wolves is to howl like a wolf.
When joining any community, life according to their principles is not excluded.

Out of sight, out of mind.
It is human nature to forget someone with whom you do not see or communicate.

Whoever you hang out with, that's how you'll gain.
Whom you communicate with, make friends with, you adopt his views, habits, etc.

With your loved one and in the hut is paradise.
It’s good to be with your loved one anywhere and under any conditions.

The light did not converge like a wedge.
If everything is good at a certain facility, you shouldn’t make do with it alone.

Our people - we will be numbered.
Close people are doomed to help each other without asking for anything in return.

I can't bear my own burden.
What you personally receive is easier to bear, unlike the tolerability of someone else’s.

Your shirt is closer to your body.
Your own interests are more important than the interests of other people.

A holy place is never empty.
If a person leaves a good place, someone else immediately takes it.

Seven do not wait for one.
They won’t wait for one latecomer when everyone is already gathered and ready for business.

Seven times measure cut once.
Before you do anything, you must first think carefully, provide for everything, in order to avoid an accident.

Lawless Heart.
About the inability to control your feelings.

No matter how much you feed the wolf, he still looks into the forest.
It is impossible to change the natural instincts and inclinations of another person.

Soon the fairy tale is told, but not soon the deed is done.
About foreshadowing something, like in a fairy tale, it’s quick and easy, but in reality it’s more complicated.

Miser pays twice.
It is better to buy things that are more expensive, as opposed to cheap ones that break quickly and easily.

Tears of sorrow will not help.
Don't be discouraged if you can get rid of grief. And if the problem is inevitable, there is no use crying.

The word is not a sparrow; if it flies out, you won’t catch it.
Once you find yourself in an awkward situation and say a bad word, it is impossible to go back.

The word is silver, silence is gold.
It is a matter of honor to say something useful, but it is better to remain silent about useless and empty chatter.

The earth is full of rumors.
A person knows secret information thanks to rumors.

A dog can be a biter from a dog's life.
An unkind, aggressive person often becomes like this due to the conditions of his life: from the lack of love and care of the people around him, frequent misfortunes, etc.

He ate the dog and choked on his tail.
It is impossible to do anything big without tripping over a small thing.

There are no boundaries for perfection.
No matter how hard you try to improve the situation, you can always do better.

Nightingales are not fed fables.
Talking cannot feed those who are hungry. He should be offered food.

An old bird is not caught with chaff.
It is difficult to outwit an experienced person with anything, to lead him into a dead end.

An old friend is better than two new ones.
An old, proven, long-known friend is more reliable, as opposed to new, unfamiliar ones who have not yet been tested by everyday situations.

The well-fed cannot understand the hungry.
The difficulty of one is incomprehensible to another until he stoops to this difficulty himself.

Patience and a little effort.
Patience and perseverance in work will overcome all obstacles.

Be patient, Cossack - you will become an ataman!
Suggestion to a person to be patient, with him any difficulty is nothing.

Three doctors are no better than one.
Similar to the proverb Too many cooks spoil the broth.

Too many cooks spoil the broth.
The more people take on one task, the less attention is paid to it.

Fear has big eyes.
About fearful people who perceive everything small and insignificant as large and terrible.

An agreement (agreement) is more valuable than money.
A respectful contract, unlike money, can be lost forever. Its terms and conditions must be strictly adhered to.

A drowning man clutches at a straw.
A person in trouble is ready to do anything to save himself. Even if it doesn't give much results.

The morning is wiser than the evening.
Decisions are made more effectively in the morning, as opposed to a tired evening.

Learning is light and ignorance is darkness.
Learning is the path to knowledge and success. And lack of learning is the cause of developmental retardation and lack of culture.

Well, where we do not.
A person underestimates the area in which he is located, preferring places where he has not yet been.

The bad (bad) grass is out of the field.
You should get rid of anything harmful or unnecessary so that things go faster.

Do not count your chickens before they are hatched.
The success of any business can only be said if it has a visible result.

Man is the architect of his own happiness.
To be happy, you need to do something, and not wait for it to come on its own.

Man proposes, but God disposes.
You should not be completely confident in the success of an action or enterprise that has not yet taken place.

Whatever you boast about, you will be left without.
A person who talks a lot about his happiness may be left without it.

What the hell is not joking (while God sleeps).
Anything can happen, anything can happen.

What we have, we don’t keep, and when we lose it, we cry.
The true value of something or someone is noticed when we are deprived of it.

What is written with a pen cannot be cut down with an axe.
What is written, once it has become known, cannot be changed.

What goes around comes around.
Perfect good or evil returns over time like a boomerang.

To get to know a person, you have to eat a ton of salt with him.
To get to know a person well, you need to live with him for a long time, overcoming various difficulties in life with him.

Someone else's soul is darkness.
No matter how well we know a person, his thoughts will always be a mystery. And a person’s external appearance is not always a reflection of his soul.

I’ll take away someone else’s trouble with my hands, but I won’t apply my mind to mine.
Other people's troubles seem more solvable, easier, unlike your own.

Murder will out.
The secret always becomes clear. And the lie will definitely come out over time.

Cabbage soup and porridge are our food.
About the habit of eating simple food.

The apple never falls far from the tree.
The character of parents is not very different from the character of their children.

The language will take you to Kyiv.
By asking people you can get anywhere.

Teach your grandmother to suck eggs.
An inexperienced person can teach little to an experienced one.

What is the difference between a proverb and a saying?

Now I understand for myself))

Proverb is a complete short sentence containing folk wisdom. It sounds in simple folk language and often has rhyme and rhythm.

Proverb- a symbolic, established phrase, figurative expression, so-called metaphor. The proverb is not used independently, but is included in a sentence to give a bright artistic color to situations and facts.

A proverb is usually a whole sentence, while a proverb is a phrase or small phrase. Proverbs very often contain rhyme, which is practically not found in sayings. Proverbs are often used in isolation, simply as folk wisdom. For example, a proverb about a fish from a pond that cannot be caught from a pond. But a saying is usually used as part of a sentence. For example, my husband will buy me a car when the cancer whistles on the mountain. The saying here is only part of the cancer on the mountain that whistles.

A proverb is a completed thought, fully expressed by the person who started it. A saying is a thought that is proposed to be continued after listening to its first part by everyone who is capable of it and understands the thought of its creator.

What is the difference between a proverb and a saying is difficult to determine at first glance

A proverb is like a separate work, where there is a beginning and an end, a work with meaning, about which one cannot say:

• What happened next?

Well, what are sayings? - you ask, - and sayings are an excerpt from a work, which sometimes has neither beginning nor end.

This is what distinguishes a proverb from a saying - its complete thought...

For example, a proverb has a certain meaning and a point:

The word is not a sparrow - it will fly out and you won’t catch it.

But the saying is very blurry and has an ellipsis:

The word is not a sparrow...

• The difference between these widespread folk sayings is that proverbs carry a complete thought (although sometimes they are modified, acquiring a new meaning) and are perceived as an immutable truth, and a saying is a kind of fragment of a phrase, for the initial understanding of which (for example, a foreigner or a child ) some clarification is needed.

  Often sayings come from proverbs.

  • The eyes are afraid, but the hands are busy - proverb.
  • Putting your teeth on the shelf is a saying.

• In a proverb there is a meaning, but in a saying it is only implied. Thus, a proverb is a rhythmic phrase that characteristically describes a phenomenon, but does not carry a semantic teaching load.

  Video. Russian proverbs.

  Proverbs and sayings are apt expressions created by the Russian people, as well as translated from ancient written sources and borrowed from works of literature, expressing wise thoughts in a short form.

  A proverb is a short, rhythmically organized, figurative saying that is stable in speech.

  A proverb is the property of an entire people or a significant part of it and contains a general judgment or instruction for some occasion in life.

  A proverb is the most curious genre of folklore, studied by many scientists, but in many ways remaining incomprehensible and mysterious. A proverb is a folk saying that expresses not the opinion of individual people, but the people’s assessment, the people’s mind. It reflects the spiritual image of the people, aspirations and ideals, judgments about various aspects of life. Everything that is not accepted by the majority of people, their thoughts and feelings, does not take root and is eliminated. A proverb lives in speech, only in it does a capacious proverb acquire its specific meaning.

  Created over the centuries, passing from generation to generation, proverbs and sayings supported the way of life of the people and strengthened the spiritual and moral image of the people. These are like the commandments of the people, regulating the life of every common person. This is an expression of thoughts that people have come to through centuries of experience. A proverb is always instructive, but not always edifying. However, each has a conclusion that is useful to take into account.

  Life changed, new sayings appeared, old ones were forgotten, but undeniably valuable things remained, having significance for subsequent eras. The wide distribution and longevity of proverbs was facilitated by the fact that some of them, losing their direct meaning, acquired a figurative meaning. For example, the proverb “Two are afraid of a broken bow” lived on for a long time, having changed its literal meaning to a figurative one, although the people had long ago changed their weapons. But there were also proverbs that initially appeared in a figurative sense, for example, the proverb to shoot at a stone - to lose arrows was never understood in the literal sense, and was attributed to different objects and phenomena. Whatever is said in proverbs is always a generalization. The figurative reflection of reality in the proverb is also associated with an aesthetic assessment of various life phenomena. That is why there are proverbs that are funny and sad, amusing and bitter. This is how I said about this trait folk proverbs IN AND. Dahl: a proverb is a body of folk wisdom and superstition, it is groans and sighs, crying and sobbing, joy and joy, grief and consolation in faces; this is the color of the people's mind, the original state; This is everyday folk truth, a kind of law of justice, not judged by anyone.

  The form of proverbs is also peculiar. It is characterized by a rhythmic organization and a special sound design. The proverb is short, there are no unnecessary words in it, each word is weighty, meaningful and accurate.

  So, a proverb is a short, rhythmically organized saying that has become part of speech and has an instructive meaning, in which people over the centuries have summarized their socio-historical experience.

  A proverb is a widespread figurative expression that aptly defines any life phenomenon. Unlike proverbs, sayings are devoid of a direct generalized instructive meaning and are limited to figurative, often allegorical expression: it’s easy to hit the bullshit - all these are typical sayings, devoid of the character of a complete judgment.

  In speech, a proverb often becomes a saying and vice versa. For example, the proverb “It’s easy to rake in heat with someone else’s hands” is often used as a saying “It’s easy to rake in heat with someone else’s hands,” that is, a figurative image of a lover of someone else’s labor.

  Sayings, due to their peculiarity of figurative expressions, more often than proverbs, come closer to linguistic phenomena. Sayings have more national, national significance and meaning than proverbs. Sayings often have all the properties of linguistic phenomena. This is the expression to put a pig in, that is, to cause trouble for someone. The origin of this saying is associated with the military system of the ancient Slavs. The squad became a wedge, like a boar's head, or a pig, as Russian chronicles called this system. Over time, the meaning attached to this expression in ancient times was lost.

  Proverbs and sayings intersect very often in our lives.

  But, a proverb is usually already a certain definition of some phenomenon in our life, well, as a result, as a summary not of an individual person, but the opinion of society. And, as a rule, a proverb carries some kind of lesson that we must learn from it, a conclusion that we must draw.

  And sayings most often very accurately reflect our reality in some ornate form, for example, if suddenly, then out of the blue.

  In fact, proverbs and sayings teach us a lot and help us in life)

  Both sayings and proverbs are apt expressions that briefly express intelligent thoughts.

  Proverbs mainly consist of 2 rhyming parts and have a moral that is conveyed literally or figuratively. Proverbs mainly differ from sayings in that they have a higher general meaning.

  I also searched for a long time, for myself, for the answer to this question. As a result, I came to the following conclusions:

  A proverb is a saying that consists of two parts, the first of which is descriptive, the second is instructive. In essence, a proverb is a shortened parable containing the accumulated wisdom of the people.

  A saying is a figurative expression that does not contain an instructive part.

  A proverb is an independent, complete work, and a saying is part of a sentence.

  A proverb is not only an independent sentence, but most importantly it contains a complete thought. Example. If you want to eat rolls, don’t lie on the stove. It specifically says that you shouldn’t be lazy. Measure seven times - cut once - also a clear indication of what to do. Here's an example of a saying. The master's work is afraid - what master? What is he afraid of? How can this even be? Often sayings are catchphrases that, from the beginning of the phrase, imply that the listener will guess the continuation of the thought.

Proverbs and their close relatives, sayings, are an integral part of the vocabulary of any modern person.

Typically, most people in Everyday life use these apt and witty expressions, but only a small part of the audience understands the true difference between a proverb and a saying, but it exists, and it is significant.

And even knowing what the differences are, not everyone manages to correctly classify some of the famous “catchphrases” the first time.

Direct meaning and subtext

There are several differences by which you can determine which of what you heard is a proverb and which is its sister - a saying.

For example, a proverb is always a self-sufficient judgment, a complete conclusion, with a direct meaning, carrying worldly wisdom, guidance or teaching:

“Debt is beautiful in payment”, “The spool is small, but expensive”, “You drive more quietly, you will continue”, “Measure seven times, cut once”, etc.

Proverbs are like axioms in mathematics; they do not require proof, since they voice obvious things. Having heard them, a person immediately understands what they are talking about.

Proverbs are often used as a guide for making various decisions and establishing norms of behavior - a child is told: “It’s time for work, time for fun” or “If you’ve done your job, go for a walk safely.”

Most proverbs rhyme, they contain tact, meaning, warning, moral teaching.

As a rule, such phrases are invented by the people and it is impossible to determine the author of this or that expression.

In rare cases, succinct lines from author’s works, most often from fables, turn into proverbs.

Sayings, unlike proverbs, have a figurative, hidden, not obvious meaning.

They are not a complete inference, but are used only in context along with other explanatory words:

“Dog in the manger” (used: sits like a dog in the manger), “Disservice” (used: rendered a disservice), “Without a king in the head”, “Put a pig”, “When the cancer hangs on the mountain”, etc. d..

Sayings more metaphorical expressions, verbal turns. Any saying can be replaced with ordinary expressions, but the meaning of what was said will not change, only the beauty of the statement will change.

Sayings are more often used for eloquence. They make works of art, everyday things and situations brighter, more visual, richer: “Stop beating yourself up!”, “I broke my head,” “I can afford to waste money.”

Proverbs are not used for moralizing, they are simply decoration of the text, which in itself is not a complete judgment.

How to distinguish a proverb from a saying

It happens that it is quite difficult to distinguish a proverb from a saying, but if you really need to do this, use the hints.

1. Proverbs are independent expressions, complete sentences. Sayings are part of a statement.

2. Proverbs often have rhythm and rhyme, but sayings do not.

3. Proverbs certainly have meaning and a moral component, but sayings contain only imagery and metaphor.

4. Proverbs reflect the direct meaning, while sayings reflect the hidden meaning.

5. Proverbs serve as advice, point to obvious truths, worldly experience, folk wisdom, and sayings are a decoration of the text; their words can always be replaced so that the meaning of what is said does not change.

6. Proverbs are usually longer.

In any case, return to the page and use it as a hint if necessary.

Proverbs and sayings are a treasure trove of the Russian language. Surely, many in childhood heard from their grandparents phrases such as: “You can’t catch a fish out of a pond without difficulty,” “If you drive more quietly, you will keep moving,” etc. Sometimes we did not understand the meaning of these words and expressions. Gradually we learned the meaning of each proverb, aphorism and saying, but now we will ask one of the most complex issues, to which only a few will answer: what is the difference between a proverb and a saying? Let's try to find out and remember this difference forever.

About proverbs

If you hear the word proverb, then know that this is a short sentence containing folk wisdom. A proverb is often written in simple folk language and has rhyme and rhythm. Proverbs came to us from ancient times and were previously called parables. Initially, proverbs were part of some stories, then, having vivid language and memorability, they began to stand out from works and have an independent character. Proverbs reflect the life, culture, way of life of the Russian people, as well as beliefs, religion and customs. Proverbs can be called an encyclopedia of the Russian people. The proverb, as a phenomenon of language, has its own characteristics, expressed in the mentality and way of life of the Russian people.

Signs of a proverb

1. Since the proverb performs an educational function, it must contain moral teaching or morality;

2."Brevity is the soul of wit"- this phrase belongs to A.P. Chekhov. This property can also be attributed to a proverb. It is as short and understandable as possible;

3. Proverbs are written in simple and understandable language without the use of scientific terms.

4. A unique property of a proverb can be considered to be that it is truth in its purest form: there is no desire to challenge it. An illusion arises that the proverb does not and cannot have an author. Many proverbs are written in rhyme:

For example, “If you don’t know the ford, don’t stick your nose into the water.”

Sometimes people confuse proverbs and aphoristic sayings.

The difference between proverbs and aphorisms

1. Often an aphorism is written in complex language, but a proverb is written in simple and popular language.

2. An aphorism is often more difficult to understand than a proverb.

For example, there are aphorisms from A.S. Griboedov’s work “Woe from Wit”: “Houses are new, but prejudices are old,” “Who are the judges?”, “Evil tongues are worse than a gun.”

4. It’s easier to imagine a proverb ordinary person, but the aphorism can most often be heard in the speech of an intellectual.

Examples of proverbs on various topics

Examples of proverbs that reflect historical events:

“Here’s to you, grandma, Yuryev’s Day” (meaning the prohibition under Boris for peasants to move to other landowners even on Yuryev’s Day).

“At one veche, but not only speeches” (the proverb developed during the veche rule).

Proverbs reflecting pagan beliefs and rituals:

A wedding ceremony without a church: “They got married around spruce trees, but only devils sang.”

About the overthrow of idols: “I took God by the leg and on the floor.”

Proverbs related to economic activities:

in particular agricultural labor, fishing and beekeeping

“It is not the field that feeds, but the cornfield”

“Fish is water, berries are grass, and bread is the head of everything.”

Proverbs that reflected family life and family life:

“As God is before men, so is a father before his children,”

“The master of the house is like the khan in Crimea.”

Proverbs characterizing the traits of people:

about a hot, irritable person: “Hises like hot iron,”

about the stubborn: “You can’t beat him with a mortar and pestle.”

about the cunning one: “He walks in boots, but the trail is barefoot.”

Sayings

Proverb is an established phrase or phrase, figurative expression or metaphor. Usually the proverb is not used independently. They are used for brightness and to give artistic color to speech. Often they can be replaced with one synonymous word.

Examples of sayings:

“to put a pig” - to do a mischief,

“disservice” - help to harm,

“when the cancer whistles on the mountain” - never,

“to stay on the nose” - to be deceived.

Proverbs and sayings are often confused. Sometimes you see a book and it says “Proverbs and Sayings,” often this book contains only proverbs.

How to distinguish?

To distinguish a proverb from a saying, you need:

Firstly , determine whether it carries any moral or teaching.

Secondly , you need to pay attention to the structure of the statement: the first part of the proverb should contain the starting point, the second contains teaching, edifying meaning or morality, application in a life situation.

Interesting

Proverbs and sayings are used to teach preschoolers to observe nature and when studying the folk calendar. “In April the earth melts,” “Everyone is young in the winter cold.” Based on small folklore forms, entire diagnostics have been developed to determine a person’s life values.

Proverbs and sayings are a decoration of a person’s thoughts and speech.

How does a proverb differ from a saying?

A proverb is the property of an entire people or a significant part of it and contains a general judgment or instruction for some occasion in life.

A proverb is the most curious genre of folklore, studied by many scientists, but in many ways remaining incomprehensible and mysterious. A proverb is a folk saying that expresses not the opinion of individual people, but the people's assessment, the people's mind. It reflects the spiritual image of the people, aspirations and ideals, judgments about various aspects of life. Everything that is not accepted by the majority of people, their thoughts and feelings, does not take root and is eliminated. A proverb lives in speech, only in it does a capacious proverb acquire its specific meaning.

Created over the centuries, passing from generation to generation, proverbs and sayings supported the way of life of the people and strengthened the spiritual and moral image of the people. These are like the commandments of the people, regulating the life of every common person. This is an expression of thoughts that people have come to through centuries of experience. A proverb is always instructive, but not always edifying. However, each has a conclusion that is useful to take into account.

Life changed, new sayings appeared, old ones were forgotten, but undeniably valuable things remained, having significance for subsequent eras. The wide distribution and longevity of proverbs was facilitated by the fact that some of them, losing their direct meaning, acquired a figurative meaning. For example, the proverb “Two are afraid of a broken bow” lived on for a long time, having changed its literal meaning to a figurative one, although the people had long ago changed their weapons. But there were also proverbs that initially appeared in a figurative sense, for example, the proverb to shoot at a stone - to lose arrows was never understood in the literal sense, and was attributed to different objects and phenomena. Whatever is said in proverbs is always a generalization. The figurative reflection of reality in the proverb is also associated with an aesthetic assessment of various life phenomena. That is why there are proverbs that are funny and sad, amusing and bitter. This is how V.I. said about this feature of folk proverbs. Dahl: a proverb is “a body of folk wisdom and superstition, it is groans and sighs, crying and sobbing, joy and joy, grief and consolation in faces; this is the color of the people's mind, the original state; This is everyday folk truth, a kind of law of justice, not judged by anyone.”

The form of proverbs is also peculiar. It is characterized by a rhythmic organization and a special sound design. The proverb is short, there are no unnecessary words in it, each word is weighty, meaningful and accurate.

So, a proverb is a short, rhythmically organized saying that has become part of speech and has an instructive meaning, in which people over the centuries have summarized their socio-historical experience.

A proverb is a widespread figurative expression that aptly defines any life phenomenon. Unlike proverbs, sayings are devoid of a direct generalized instructive meaning and are limited to figurative, often allegorical expression: it’s easy to hit the bullshit - all these are typical sayings, devoid of the character of a complete judgment.

In speech, a proverb often becomes a saying and vice versa. For example, the proverb “It’s easy to rake in heat with someone else’s hands” is often used as a saying “It’s easy to rake in heat with someone else’s hands,” that is, a figurative image of a lover of someone else’s labor.

Sayings, due to their peculiarity of figurative expressions, more often than proverbs, come closer to linguistic phenomena. Sayings have more national, national significance and meaning than proverbs. Sayings often have all the properties of linguistic phenomena. This is the expression to put a pig in, that is, to cause trouble for someone. The origin of this saying is associated with the military system of the ancient Slavs. The squad became a “wedge”, like a boar’s head, or a “pig,” as Russian chronicles called this system. Over time, the meaning put into this expression in ancient times was lost.