English for children: how to interest a child in learning the language. How to teach a child to pronounce English sounds correctly? How to teach a child English phonetics

Mother to child: Read the letters.
Child: Ke O Me Se O Me O Le Soft sign Se Ke A Ya Pe Re A Ve De A
Mom: What happened?
Child: “A pot of porridge.”
Family story

Is there already something that can be written down?

I think few people start teaching children to read and write in Russian with the words “phenotype”, “oxymoron” or “amino acid”. The words “mother”, “house” and “cat” are more suitable for this. First words, which should “get” when reading and writing, must be well known, “meet halfway” to the child, and not be an obstacle between the child and reading.

Teaching a child to read in a foreign language is not at all the same as teaching a child to read in native language. What should “come out” when reading and writing is a non-native, foreign-language unknown. Then he will most likely learn most foreign words through reading them, but for now words should help him learn to read and write. That's why I always advise prepare the child for reading by studying a certain number of words so that they are obvious.

It should be obvious to the child not only what the word means, but also how it sounds and is pronounced correctly.

When we learn to write in our native language, we learn to pronounce and distinguish the sounds that the letters represent. Often teachers primary classes send their students to a speech therapist, since many problems with reading and writing arise due to speech therapy problems, that is, due to problems with pronunciation. I will focus on an exaggerated example. Imagine that a child pronounces the sounds [w] and [s] in the same way. For him, this is the same sound, so the difference between the letters Ш and С will be incomprehensible and unsteady for this child.

The ability to pronounce a sound depends not only on whether the language is “listened to,” but also on how clearly the child recognizes sounds by ear, how clearly he understands that these are two different sounds.

When learning to write in a foreign language, all these problems are multiplied tenfold. How to teach conditionally to write down those sounds that a child does not speak: he cannot pronounce and does not distinguish by ear, or even does not even suspect their existence?

Often teachers and parents try to catch two birds with one stone: teach a sound while teaching a letter. This is very difficult for a child. He decides problem with two unknowns: The unknown icon indicates an unknown sound. Add to this problems with hand placement, confusion with Russian letters that he has just learned or is just learning, confusion of lowercase and uppercase letters, etc., etc., and you will understand that for a child learning letters at the same time as sounds is a difficult task. In this task there should not only be “find”, but also “given”. Before learning to write with letters of a foreign alphabet, you need to learn how to pronounce foreign sounds.

Reading must be preceded by a thorough preparatory stage. Of course, it can be called preparatory, if we keep in mind that our main task is to teach a child to read and write, from the point of view of learning a language in general - this is one of the supporting stages.

Of course, it’s good if at the time of starting to learn to read the child already speaks a foreign language, but this is not always from the realm of reality. Nevertheless, Before you start reading and writing, you need to create the necessary base: teach the child to articulate and recognize English sounds so that the letters have something to represent, and teach him the minimum English words: so that there is something to read and something to write down.

Sounds

Upon completion preparatory stage When learning English sounds, you and your child must reach the following minimum of his skills, which create the first necessary basis for learning the language:

1. Child has an idea of how sound is produced, in other words, “what we move” to make sound; knows how to understand what he is doing when he pronounces this or that sound. You can read about this in any textbook you like. English pronunciation, as well as in an article published on this site.

I usually spare no time and effort to explain to your child how sounds are formed. Firstly, after these explanations, it is easier to teach the child to pronounce sounds that are new to him and the specifics of pronouncing sounds that are familiar to him. And secondly, this makes it possible to correct and improve pronunciation in the future, without returning to “theoretical” explanations.

The wording and method of explanation are quite easy to find, and children usually understand the basics of the science of articulation easily and without difficulty. When I explain, I ask questions, alternating between those to which the child obviously does not know the answer and those to which the child can answer or will obviously answer easily. This form of explanation usually does not tire the child and turns the lesson into a conversation, where there is room for the child to speak himself. This form of classes also allows you to monitor every minute whether the explanation is moving forward or it just seems, to see every hesitation in the child’s understanding and every inaccuracy in the explanation.

The questions should seem simple and obvious to the child; it is imperative to maintain the illusion of simplicity and at the same time the magic of novelty. Try to let the child speak as much as possible; your role is to ask questions, provoke answers and summarize.

It may seem that it is much easier to explain everything to a child and not suffer and not be cunning with leading questions, but what the child came to “on his own” is understood more easily and is remembered more firmly. Explanations may save time, but will not lead to understanding, but to the fact that the child will nod without understanding anything.

I usually start “from Adam” and ask the child everything he knows about sounds in general.

What sounds does he know?
What sounds can you get without leaving the room? The child will amaze you with his ingenuity, you just need to give him a hint, for example, knock on the table. He will understand that we're talking about about all sounds in general.
How are sounds made? For example, clap your hands and ask: “Why did you make the sound now?” “What needs to be done to make such a sound?” Discuss with him how all kinds of sounds are made.
What sounds can you make with your mouth? Here, children usually also feel complete freedom: they smack, slurp, blow, cough, wheeze, scream, pretend to be animals...
How do we make the sound of a kiss? How do we click? Are we whistling? Are we coughing?.. Such questions teach the child to observe the speech organs. Do not touch the sounds of speech for now, give the child the opportunity to practice observing himself, so that he can then more successfully answer questions about the sounds with which we speak.
What do we have in our mouth? What can we use to make sounds? What can we touch in our mouth with our tongue? What can we touch with our lips?
What sounds do we make when we talk? If the child is not yet familiar with this issue at all, he will have to dwell on it in detail. “Is there one or many sounds in the word “mama”?” Say the words slowly with your child as many times as necessary to determine how many sounds they have and what they are.
How do we pronounce sounds? For example, ask your child to explain how we pronounce sounds[m] ( we close our lips), [l] ( touch the tongue to the sky), [A] ( open your mouth), [y] ( stretch out your lips).
Can we talk without breathing? Children rarely answer this question. Ask him to say the word “yes” quickly for a minute and time the clock. After some time, the child will become exhausted and will need a noisy breath. Stop him on this inhalation, pay attention to it and ask him to quickly and quickly say the word “yes” again, but not allow inhalations.

Teaching preschoolers (and children in grades 1-2) to read is a topic that raises so many questions that I decided not to write about it in about preschoolers, but to highlight it in a separate article. So, today about the most current issues teaching reading in English.

Very often, parents, remembering how they once learned the language, ask this almost classic question:

What about transcription?

First of all, transcription doesn’t teach you how to read.. And I never taught. Those who have studied transcription, admit it: when reading a text in English, do you imagine it written down with transcription symbols? Of course not. No transcription is needed to read.

Transcription helps you find out how to pronounce an unfamiliar word. Previously, almost the only way to find out when there was no teacher nearby was a paper dictionary. Therefore, while studying the rules of reading (in the fifth grade, by the way), we immediately took transcription icons so that the children could use the dictionary at home. I repeat, not for reading, for using a dictionary! But now we have a lot of all kinds of resources at our disposal. There is also a textbook with an audio application, where new words, texts, songs, etc. are voiced; you have a computer, smartphone or tablet with voiced dictionaries, and in extreme cases, almost any online dictionary provides the opportunity to listen to a new word. Children look at a paper dictionary less and less often. And that's okay. This is progress.

Secondly, transcription will only confuse a small child. It can be given starting from the youngest adolescence. In the same fifth grade it is quite possible, although now it is no longer necessary. Imagine, a preschooler or first-grader who has just recently learned the Russian alphabet is studying english alphabet- these are already two sign systems that he must keep in his head. And here some introduce a third sign system, which is needed to decipher the second. Doesn't it sound complicated? Now imagine how difficult it is for a child. No, a child with a good memory will, of course, master this too. But why? Everything has its time.

Why can't you sign words in Russian letters?

Sometimes I see that some parents and even (oh horror!) colleagues sign the child’s word as it is read in Russian letters. You can't do that. Never. At all.

Firstly, Russian letters cannot convey English sounds. By writing words in Russian letters, you spoil your child’s pronunciation. Which, by the way, is childhood is formed most naturally.

Secondly, if the word is signed in Russian, what will the child do? That's right, he will read it. Do not remember how it is written in English, but read these same Russian letters. He will remember how the word sounds, but if he encounters this word in a new text, he most likely will not recognize it.

With preschoolers and primary schoolchildren, learning to read begins with alphabet And sounds. And the main role is played not by the alphabet, but by sounds. It is very easy to remember the alphabet - just regularly play alphabet songs for your child, which are available on YouTube great multitude. But in order to start reading, a child must learn which letter of the alphabet makes which sound. To do this, my students and I (using games with cards, videos, TPR - about it) for each letter of the alphabet remember its sound and one or two words that begin with this sound. For example, seeing the letter Bb, children immediately remember the ball, and therefore the sound /b/. At home you can additionally listen to these: phonics songs.

There are two ways to teach children to read. And the best effect will be if you use both methods at the same time.

Whole word method.

This method of teaching reading is offered by the authors of most children's textbooks. According to this method, new words are given as follows: picture + word. Children look in the textbook at pictures with words labeled with them, listen, repeat after the speaker, and play with cards. Typically, the teacher uses two sets of cards: picture cards and word cards. In special educational games with these cards, children remember which word goes with which picture.

That is, the mechanism is this: the child does not parse the word into sounds, he correlates visual image a whole word with its sound (thanks to this, the whole word method can be used in parallel with the study of the alphabet and sounds, without waiting until all the letters have been studied). Then, seeing the studied word in the text, the child remembers how it sounds and can read it. This method is good because almost half of the words in English are exceptions that are not read according to the rules and there is simply no other way to learn these words or remember them.

Phonics teaching method.

The whole word method alone is still not enough. In order for a child to really read well, it is better to supplement the textbook with its whole-word method by studying reading according to the rules. For this purpose, phonics are used with children from 6 years of age - these are manuals where words are collected in groups, depending on what rule it is read by. By listening and reading these groups of words, the child develops reading patterns. For example, after listening, repeating after the speaker and, perhaps, playing the words cat-fat-mat-bat in games, most children themselves will be able to read the word sat and similar ones.

Usually, phonics are beautiful books with pictures, audio and sometimes video applications (the ones I like are Oxford Phonics World for preschoolers and Sounds Great for starters, both in 5 parts), there are also interactive programs (Starfall, Teach Your Monster to Read) and video courses (for example, an amazing course Hooked on Phonics). Some authors provide phonics directly in the textbook, for example, the Family and Friends textbook contains phonics, but they are spread out over several years (!) of study. In fact, one school year is enough to learn all the rules of reading for children.

Gradually, when children learn to put letters into words, you can begin to select simple books for 4-5 year old children, in which each page has a huge picture and one small sentence. Many of them contain simple vocabulary that is already 80 percent familiar to students, but there is a lot of delight from such books - even if you read a whole book in English!

Like this, since kindergarten You can teach a child to read in a fun and interesting way, without discouraging him from learning with transcriptions he doesn’t understand, and instill a love of reading.

I hope you found this article helpful. If you have questions or additions, please write in the comments. Good luck in learning English!

Today, most English learners strive not just to master the language, but also to acquire an accent that does not indicate their Eastern European origins. Usually they master British English - more euphonious and aristocratic. Yulia Boyun, a specialist at the international marketplace for finding tutors Preply.com, explains how to achieve this.

British English language. Theory first. There are certain differences between British and American pronunciation. First of all - phonetic. For example, the sound “r” is not pronounced after vowels (“here” in Britain is pronounced like ), and the combination of sounds at the end of a word is read without the sound [r] (“girl” = [ɡɜːl]). This sound also partially appears at the end of words that end with the letter "w" (law = law-r).
Pay attention to online translators. Sites such as dictionary.cambridge.org and lingvo.ru offer both American and British voices of English words. Compare and memorize the necessary phonetics.
You can and should learn more about the phonetic aspects of the correct pronunciation of English words in the British version during lessons with a tutor or with the help of specialized literature. In it you can find a detailed description of all the features, as well as exercises that will help you quickly master British English. Pay attention to:
- Tree or Three? An Elementary Pronunciation Course by Ann Baker - a guide for students at the Elementary level and Ship or Sheep? An Intermediate Pronunciation Course by Ann Baker - a manual for students with an Intermediate level;
- English Pronunciation in Use - a series of 3 textbooks for Elementary, Intermediate, Advanced levels;
- Elements of Pronunciation - a textbook for levels from Intermediate to Advanced;
- New Headway Pronunciation Course.

Learn words correctly. Often we remember a word without knowing how it sounds correctly, but relying only on our own intuition. In the future, it is much more difficult to combat such an error, because a certain perception of the word has already formed in the subconscious. Therefore, before you learn a new word, be sure to listen to its pronunciation several times in an online dictionary or ask a native speaker.
Surround yourself with British English. Take time to watch a British film or TV series in the original language, possibly with subtitles. Another way to combine business with pleasure is a stand-up show by British comedians. I recommend watching the performances of Eddie Izzard and Dylan Moran. They not only entertain with excellent humor and teach pronunciation, but also expand their vocabulary.
Try spending time listening to radio podcasts and BBC broadcasts. The speech of their speakers is considered the standard of British English.
Speak out loud. Try to imitate the speech of TV presenters, repeat phrases of movie characters or words heard in online translators, try to sing along with British performers (for example, The Beatles, Pink Floyd, Sting). To master an accent, imitation brings good results. Try to learn and recite a few tongue twisters, for example, Three Gray Geese In Green Fields Grazing, following the necessary pronunciation rules indicated.
To improve your accent, it would also be useful to read aloud and record your speech on a voice recorder. This way you can more closely monitor your achievements and note mistakes that need to be worked on.
Chat with the British. They can be found using online services for sharing linguistic knowledge. Typically, such communication provides for the mutual benefit of users. Choose a responsible partner with a good accent, and the result will not take long to wait.
Watch training videos. The British accent is best conveyed by a native speaker. If you do not have the opportunity to see him in person, use training videos, which are now abundant on the Internet. Some of them explain in particularly detailed and accessible ways the features of correct pronunciation. For example, YouTube channel

So it has begun academic year, and many parents ask the question: “How to get a child to learn English?” Today we will try to answer it, but we will tell you not “how to force”, but how to motivate and interest a child in learning English.

If you are reading our article, you probably had to face difficulties and “insurmountable differences” in the process of teaching your child English. Do you think it’s difficult to get children to learn anything? We cannot agree with you, they are wonderful students. But even experienced parents cannot always interest their child in English; sometimes they make common mistakes in motivation. Let's look together at what prevents children from learning a language and how to help them cope with the difficulties.

Common mistakes in motivation for learning English

1. Negative attitude towards English and the teacher

For children, the authority of their parents is a significant thing that can work wonders or discourage them from studying anything. Remember that you are talking about English and the English teacher. Do you think that learning a language is incredibly exciting, and the teacher is an excellent mentor? The child will think similarly. But he won’t want to learn English if mom or dad say that “they live wonderfully without knowledge.” foreign language" Children imitate their parents and strive to be like them in everything. If your student does not want to study because he wants to be “like his parents,” the situation needs to be corrected.

Fixing the error: There is no need to suddenly change the negative to the positive, the child will easily sense a lie, and you will lose the most valuable thing - his trust. It’s better to say: “Yes, I really get by without knowing English, but now there are so many in which there is nothing to do without knowing the language. I also feel uncomfortable abroad: I don’t understand foreigners. Knowing the language will open up so many opportunities for you (specify which ones depending on the child’s interests).” You don’t like your school English teacher, do you think he uses old textbooks and outdated teaching methods? Do not criticize the teacher, it is better to send your child to language courses, where you can choose the most suitable teacher, in your opinion.

2. Wrong goals

Goal Setting - First important step which you need to do with your child. Parents often say: “If you know English, you can become a successful manager or supervisor. You will be able to work in a prestigious company.” Great goal... for a high school student. What if the child is only 7-10 years old? Does he want to work as a manager? Does the mysterious word “supervisor” understand? Who are these people, and why should he want to work for a prestigious company? Maybe a child at this age wants to sell ice cream or perform in the circus. Don't rush your childhood.

Fixing the error: You shouldn’t talk about how good it is to be a top manager, have a high salary, etc. Let’s set a more achievable and attractive goal for the child. For example, you will be able to watch the most interesting cartoons in English, read the latest fairy tales, which will not soon be translated into Russian. If finances allow, promise your child a trip abroad to a language camp. Teenagers can be told that they will be able to understand what a popular performer is singing about, watch interviews with their favorite actor, broadcast international competitions, find pen pals from the USA and European countries, etc. Find something that is really interesting to the student at the moment.

When choosing a goal, focus on the child’s current interests, and not on distant, vague prospects.

3. Wrong motivation

Some parents intimidate their child instead of telling him how useful and healthy it is to learn English. Possible remarks: “If you don’t study, you will become a janitor!”, “Do you want to seem like the stupidest person to everyone?” Yes, children do not always behave well, but can negative emotions motivate them?!

Fixing the error: As already mentioned, focus not on the negative, but on the positive aspects question. “You will learn your lesson easily. You are my smartest!” It is after such words that the little student will feel capable and begin to gnaw on the granite of science with renewed vigor.

4. Reluctance to understand the child

Do you think that a child must study excellently and must not make mistakes? The pursuit of perfection is not always justified. There is no need to scold your child for mistakes; it is better to try to find out what caused the mistake. Perhaps he did not understand some rule, but is embarrassed to ask the teacher to explain it? Maybe you felt bad during the test? Or maybe he was nervous, afraid of making a mistake?

Fixing the error: Mistakes in learning are not always the child’s fault. Try to remember yourself at his age, we all made mistakes. But this did not stop us from growing up as successful and smart people. After you have found out the cause of the failure, try to eliminate it. Don’t forget to praise your children even for small victories, because success is built on just such small “building blocks.” You will see, the child will become diligent and attentive, receiving praise is so nice!

In the end, the only people who fail are those who don't try.

The one who does nothing makes no mistakes.

5. Comparison with other children

Many parents stumble over this “stumbling block.” Remember, have you ever said something like: “Petya knows English better than you. He's such a smart boy"? Based on this, the child concludes: “Petya is smart, and I’m stupid. Petya is better than me, they don’t like me.” Agree, this is not an inspiring conclusion at all.

Fixing the error: Remember the popular saying that you shouldn’t compare yourself to others, it’s better to compare yourself to your past self? Let this be your motto. Don’t forget to celebrate your child’s successes, say: “You learned two more words today than yesterday, well done!” Has your child started making mistakes more often? And here you can avoid criticism, it’s better to say: “A week ago you made fewer mistakes, you can study well! Is there something you don’t understand, can I help you?” This way, the child will not feel stupid or uncomfortable; rather, he will be imbued with the conviction that he can do anything. Self-confidence is the best assistant in learning.

Show interest in learning. Be sure to ask what the child has learned today, what he can do well, and what causes difficulties. He needs to understand that you care whether he studies or not. It is important to show children the importance of their work; avoid indifference.
Choose a good teacher. The attitude towards teaching greatly depends on the personality of the teacher. If your child is taking courses or with a tutor, choose a teacher who loves children and has experience working with them. After several lessons, be sure to ask your child if he likes the teacher and the classes. By the way, don't forget to check out our detailed instructions « ».
Use interesting teaching methods or choose a teacher who uses such methods. This advice is relevant for parents of the youngest students. Children love to sing, dance, and draw. Why not use it for good?! Is your child hyperactive and has difficulty sitting still? Let him learn words on the move. For example, he runs and says the word “run”, jumps and repeats the word “jump”. After half an hour of such active learning, he will remember 7-10 new words and throw out the accumulated energy. Children who love to draw can be encouraged to sketch new words; this develops their imagination and makes it easier to memorize.
Don't forget about games. Computer games in English will also be useful if used no more than half an hour a day. It is desirable that these be educational games or special educational programs presented in game form. You can find a lot of similar applications on the Internet; they are great for helping you learn new vocabulary. Pay attention to them, they will help you get your child interested in learning.
Choose good literature. A textbook doesn't have to be boring. Bookstores sell wonderful English language textbooks for children; they are presented in an easy, entertaining way and are well illustrated. Such books can be used as the main textbook for classes with a tutor or for additional work at home.
Look for new information. Most often, children are asked to read “The Three Little Pigs” or “Cinderella” in English - something that they have already seen, heard, read dozens of times. Not all children are interested in this. Perhaps they want to learn something new. Try purchasing a book of modern fairy tales in English, downloading educational stories on the Internet, funny stories for children. The child will be happy to study new material, learn words, because he will not find this work in Russian.
Translate cartoons. This method can be used by both children and adults. Characters of classic English-language cartoons speak in simple language, understandable to a child. Read about where to find animated films in English and how to learn the language from them in the article “”.
Parse the lyrics. Teenagers are probably interested in knowing what their favorite performer sings about. If it is difficult to understand the text by ear, find it on the Internet and translate it. There is no need to impose your musical tastes; work with the songs that your child loves. This will help you improve your relationship with your teenager and become a little closer to him. Of course, it may seem to you that the work of Marilyn Manson is pure obscurantism, but you will enjoy the songs of Metallica together. How about karaoke? Pay attention to the techniques and resources from the article “”, they will help you have fun and usefully spend time, and both you and your child will like it.
Change activities often. The child quickly gets tired of the same type of activities, so it is advisable to change the type of activity every 10-20 minutes. For example: watch a cartoon for the first 15 minutes, then discuss it for 10 minutes, then read a fairy tale for 15 minutes, over the next 10 minutes the child can try to retell what he read.
Make your child feel important. Have you purchased new equipment? Ask a student to help you translate the inscriptions on the gadget. Have you gone abroad? Let him ask for directions to a hotel or buy something at a store using English (of course, this should happen under your supervision).
Reward correctly. We hope you remember to praise and encourage your young student? And this moment can be used for learning! For example, you bought candy for your child, say that in English it is “candy”. You can buy your child stickers with your favorite characters as a reward, let him decorate his notebooks with them (and at the same time decorate the wallpaper in his room :-)). Have you decided to go to the zoo? Try learning the names of animals in English together while you walk.
Learn together. This is advice for those parents who did not learn English at school. It is still difficult for you to use the above methods. But don't be discouraged, there is always a way out. Why not start learning English with your child? Good example contagious!

We hope our article got you thinking. Listen to the advice, let English for your children become not a painful waste of time, but a fun and productive pastime.

Unfortunately, within school curriculum Almost no attention is paid to phonetics. As a rule, high school students speak good English, but their pronunciation only vaguely resembles modern English. It is almost impossible to correct pronunciation at this age, so phonetics should be studied in the early stages of learning.

IN last years They start learning English as early as primary school, when children still retain interest in the educational process and happily listen to funny stories and fairy tales. If you can come up with a few interesting stories about English sounds, the lesson will be more interesting, and the child will remember the story for a long time.

I will give several examples of describing the articulation of English sounds. They provide specific recommendations for setting sounds, but without complex terms. Each example is a short phonetic exercise.

Cake with candles

Let your child imagine a birthday cake with candles. Ask him to “put out the candles” on the sound [p]. This sound is pronounced aspirated. When doing this activity, give your child a small piece of paper. Ask your child to hold the paper close to his face and make the sound [p]. If the sound is pronounced energetically enough, quickly closing and opening your lips, the leaf should deviate. The angle of deflection of the sheet when pronouncing a given sound indicates how well the child performs this exercise.

How does a dog breathe?

Invite your child to pretend to be a dog that is hot. In this case, the child will place the tip of his tongue on the lower teeth. Try making the sound in this position.

Sly little mouse

Ask your child to imagine how a little mouse tiptoes quietly around the room where the cat is sleeping, trying not to wake her. Let the child show how a mouse walks by pronouncing the sound [t]. This exercise is also suitable for group work. You can diversify it by asking one of the children to portray a cat waking up when it runs after a mouse. The role of the cat can also be played by the teacher. When doing this exercise, also use a piece of paper.

The girl got sick

When making the sound [k], we tell the child a little story: “One day a little girl was walking on the street. Suddenly it began to rain. She didn't have an umbrella. They ran home through the puddles and got their feet wet. In the evening she started coughing.

Throwing pebbles

Invite your child to pretend to throw pebbles into the river. The pebbles will fall into the water, making a sound [b].

Geese

Play geese with your child by asking him to imagine the geese flapping their wings and screaming [g].

Warming our hands

Invite your baby to warm his hands or exhale on the mirror or glasses [h]. If the sound is pronounced correctly, your hands will feel warm and the windows will fog up. Make sure that the child has an almost silent English sound [h] and does not have the overtone characteristic of Russian [x], when in the oral cavity the back of the tongue is pressed against the soft palate.

Cow

Let the baby close his lips and say [m] as if he saw something very tasty.

Beetles

Invite the kids to show how beetles buzz when they fly or crawl in the grass.

flies

Similar to the exercise about beetles, the child is asked to imitate the buzzing of flies.

Cry

When pronouncing the sound [w], ask your child to remember how a baby cries. When performing this exercise, the child will pronounce the sounds “wa”.

Blowing off the balloons

Invite children to imagine balloons with air coming out of them.

Wind

Remind your child how the wind howls outside the window in winter. Ask him to imitate this sound.

At the doctor

Let the child imagine a situation in which he visits a doctor and shows him the neck. In order for the doctor to thoroughly examine the throat, the child needs to make a sound. The exercises listed above are not mandatory, however, they greatly facilitate the work of a primary and secondary school teacher.
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