When to plant pansy seeds. How to plant pansies in open ground

Scientifically, this plant is divided into two types: Viola Vitrokka and Violet tricolor. The latter species has small flowers and perfectly reproduces by self-seeding: give them free rein - they will disperse throughout the entire site. But Viola Vitrokka is best grown from seeds to maintain a decorative appearance, bright colors and good flowering. It is she who today flaunts in modern front gardens, pots and boxes on the balconies. Sprawling bushes grow in height no more than 25-30 cm.

Viola flowers have large, corrugated or smooth petals along the edges, which are distinguished by a variety of juicy colors. In addition, flowers can be monochromatic, with original strokes and spots of all kinds of colors: white, red, yellow, dark purple, sky blue, burgundy, etc. The most impressive group of varieties Rococo, characterized by very strong flowering and corrugated petals with a border. No less delicious Swiss giants with a flower diameter up to 10 cm.

We grow viola at home

For abundant flowering, place the viola on fertile, moist soil in sunny places. On poor soil in the shade, the shoots will stretch out and form small flowers that quickly fade.

It is not at all problematic to grow these gentle creatures at home: they have an agreeable and not capricious character. Usually seeds are used for propagation. To determine the time for planting, it is worth determining your desire to see the first flowers. Experts advise growing viola as an annual or biennial, because it is then that it has the most attractive appearance and is distinguished by the splendor of flowering.

If you want flowering in the same year - sow in the last days of January or in February for seedlings. Planting seeds in the ground in June will help to achieve early spring flowering in the second year. If sown earlier - in May, then the bushes can outgrow and bloom in autumn, which will have a bad effect on spring flowering. That is, in the first case, you will get an annual plant, and in the second, a biennial plant.

How to grow viola seedlings

Not everyone can and knows how to grow pansies at home, and therefore buy expensive potted seedlings at the market or in stores. But why spend money if viola of any variety you like can be grown independently as an annual.

1. Used containers for seedlings are thoroughly washed, remove plaque on the walls and scald with boiling water and soda;
2. The land is preferable light, but fertile. It is best to purchase soil from a store and mix it with sand and garden soil (1: 1: 2). Be sure to spill it with a fungicide for disinfection;
3. As soon as the earth dries up, we make grooves no more than a centimeter deep, and do not lay out the seeds thickly, sprinkle them;
4. We cover the container with glass, you can put on a plastic bag or wrap it with cling film. We keep in a warm dark place until shoots appear, ventilate regularly;
5. When sprouts appear, on day 5-7, we take it out into the light and slightly open it, giving access to fresh air;
6. Every week we feed the seedlings with a weak solution of any flower fertilizer. We periodically water the dried earth, but remember that when waterlogged, the viola is prone to a black leg;
7. We carry out a pick with two real leaves, moving the seedlings into individual cups;
8. At the end of April we harden the seedlings - "walk" on the street or balcony;
9. After hardening, you can send seedlings to the flower bed at any time. The multicolored "eyes" perfectly tolerate the transplant even when they bloom. You can plant it in single bushes or at a distance of at least 30 cm from the bush.

Planting seeds in the ground

To achieve abundant and long flowering in the spring in the second year, you can sow seeds in the previous summer: the plant will have time to accumulate enough strength for this. By the way, quite often, violas are grown in both cases through seedlings, because then the risk that the seeds will dry out and not germinate is almost halved. However, if the soil in the flowerbed is loose, then you can sow without fear in June-July directly into the open ground:

• we make grooves of small depth (0.5 cm), spill and spread the seeds sparsely. We crush it from above with earth, tamping it slightly with the palm of our hand. We maintain a distance of 10 cm between the grooves;
• it is better to shade the bed so that the soil does not dry out (you can build some kind of canopy or just stick branches with leaves next to it);
• after the growth of a pair of true leaves, the seedlings dive, not forgetting to reduce the central root by a third. Planting flowers in a permanent place is carried out according to the scheme 25 × 25 cm.

Remember that the plant should not bloom, so when buds appear, they must be cut off.

Seedling care

We figured out how and when to plant pansies, and now a few words about leaving. Viola is quite unpretentious, but it will fully show its charm only under optimal conditions. For example, under the scorching sun, a bush can burn out, and in partial shade the flowers lose their brightness and become smaller. It is advisable to fertilize the soil before planting seedlings with compost, rotted manure at the rate of 5 kg per "square". Please note the flower cannot stand fresh manure.

In the future, pansies, the care of which also consists in loosening the soil and watering, can be periodically fed. For example, before budding, it is poured with water with nitroammophos dissolved in it (a tablespoon of fertilizer is taken into a bucket). Before flowering, art is added to the bucket in the same way. spoon of superphosphate and pour over. We are not lazy to remove weeds so that they do not drown out the plantings.

Viola is prone to over-pollination, therefore, unexpectedly for yourself, you can suddenly become the only owner of a copy with an unusual pattern or color. In this case, you can collect seeds and sow them next year. You need to collect seeds when the box turns white or yellow. It is important not to miss the moment until it opens and the seeds do not wake up to the ground. The plant is quite winter-hardy, but it still winters better under a layer of spruce needles. You cannot cover the bushes with leaves or sawdust - with frequent thaws, they will simply get wet.

The solution to the problem "Pansies: growing from seeds" should begin by studying information on this issue. Following the recommendations of experienced flower growers will help to decorate a garden flower bed, vase, path, curb or balcony, get aesthetic pleasure and please with home colorful plants.

The ancestor of "anyutok" in the wild was the tricolor violet - a perennial plant common in Europe, Siberia, the Caucasus, and North America. In Russia, it is known as Ivan da Marya and was used in folk medicine as a treatment for furunculosis, diathesis, bronchitis. The first pansies, hybrids from crossing a tricolor violet with a horned one, were obtained in England. Swedish professor of botany Veit Wittrock has devoted many years to the study of this plant and wrote a book about it. In his honor, pansies received a second name - Vittrock's violet.

The plant loved by gardeners is a herbaceous, slightly spreading bush 15-35 cm high. The roots go 15-20 cm deep. Five flower petals are arranged in a fan; have a diameter of 5-6 to 11 cm, different colors and shades. A speck stands out in the center of the flower, this makes the flower look like an eye with a pupil. The fruit is a capsule with small seeds (width - about 1 mm).

Viola and the language of flowers

Flowers were brought to Russia at the beginning of the 18th century. Mini-bouquets served to complement the outfits of high society ladies. A garland of pansies adorned the hairstyle and belt of Anna Karenina's black ball gown. In the language of flowers, this meant the beginning of falling in love and thinking about one person. Butterfly-like flowers quickly settled on ladies' hats and umbrellas.

Lilac-yellow pansies look at us from napkins, tablecloths and curtains, embroidered in the 50-60s of the last century.

Gardeners appreciated this fragile-looking, but unpretentious plant. Pansies have become popular in the design of city parks and home gardens. Their combination with early bulbous flowers is successful: viola replaces hyacinths and daffodils that have finished flowering.

Choosing a growing method

Pansies are perennial plants, but after the 2nd year the flowers on the bushes become smaller, the buds are almost not formed. When grown for two years during the 1st year of life, a bush is formed, flowers appear in the next season. This period can be shifted to an earlier date, depending on the methods of growing the plant. The choice of viola breeding method depends on climatic conditions and preferred flowering period.

Table. Planting methods for pansies.

The best is to grow plants from seed with sowing at the end of winter in a container. In this case, you can admire the flowers for 2 seasons, even in the middle lane. For regions with cold winters, this method is also suitable, but the viola must be grown as an annual or very securely covered before the onset of cold weather. The most popular varieties of pansies are Dynamite, Freedom, Aurora, Strawberry with cream.

Growing pansies from seeds can be implemented in two ways:

• sowing in containers - picking - transferring to the site;
• sowing into soil - replanting to a permanent place.

Note! Seeds give good germination if they have been stored for no more than 2 years.

Pansy Seed Prices

pansy seeds

How to grow pansies from seeds in a container

To obtain viable seedlings on time, you need:

• quality seeds;
• tweezers (manicure);
• container for sowing seeds;
• priming;
• glass or film;
• lamp for additional illumination - LED lamp or phytolamp;
• a room where the temperature is not higher than 23 ° C (best of all 18-20 ° C);
• containers for picking (pots with a diameter of 10 cm or boxes, if there are a lot of seedlings);
• container for settling water;
• spray;
• watering can with a capacity of about 1 liter.

Important! It is better to use an LED lamp: in its spectrum there are blue and red colors necessary for plants; they are economical and safe to operate.

Video - Pansies: profuse flowering in the year of planting

Sowing seeds in a container

To implement this stage, you need to do the following:

1. Select a container of suitable size. It depends on how many plants you plan to plant. The smallest can accommodate up to 15 violas. You can make a planting container by cutting out PET bottles or cans of a suitable size.
2. If you intend to use non-peat soil, make a hole in the bottom of the container and place it on a pallet.
3. Fill the container with soil: universal flower peat soil or composed of leafy, turf soil and compost, taken in equal quantities.
4. When using composite soil, a hole is made in the bottom.
5. The peat soil is thoroughly moistened with a spray bottle. For self-compiled soil, flower growers recommend combining moisture with disinfection. For this, a 5% solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate) of a saturated pink color is prepared and the soil is well moistened with it.
6. Sowing is carried out weeks after treatment with a solution of potassium permanganate - beneficial microorganisms should appear in the soil.

Important! The solution should not contain undissolved crystals of potassium permanganate.

Sowing seeds is done according to the principle:

1. seeds are taken by hand or with tweezers and laid out on the surface of the soil at a distance from each other;
2. the required number of seeds is counted, poured into a container and distributed in it with tweezers.

Seeds can be:

1. Press in lightly with tweezers for good ground contact.
2. Sprinkle on top with a layer of soil. Note! In any case, the embedment depth should not exceed 1.5 cm.
3. Moisten again with a spray bottle.
4. Create a microclimate for future sprouts: close the container on top with the same one or place it in a plastic bag.

Prices for peat soil

peat soil

Sowing seeds in peat tablets

This method is becoming popular, as the process of picking plants is facilitated.

The sequence of actions is as follows:

• tablets (for example, BT) are freed from cellophane packaging and placed tightly in a container, warm water is poured into the bottom in portions;
• when the tablets swell, collect the remaining moisture with an absorbent cloth or sponge;
• place 1 seed in the recess in the center of the tablet, if there is no confidence in the quality of the seed, then two;
• sprinkle the seeds with soil a little;
• cover the container with a lid with cut ventilation holes;
• put on a window with sufficient lighting.

Important! This method is preferably used by experienced florists. Growing seedlings in tablets has many benefits, but it requires attention and skill.

Peat tablets prices

peat tablets

Crop care

Crop care includes:

• short-term ventilation since condensation begins to form on the walls of the container;
• timely and moderate watering: do not flood and do not dry out;
• temperature regime: 18-22 ° С, 25 is allowed;
• if the window faces the south side, shade the crops;
• care for flower shoots.

Creation of favorable conditions for sprouts

When sprouts appear, you should:

• free the container from cellophane or lid;
• watering with a spray gun as the soil dries up;
• provide daylight hours 14-16 hours;
• the temperature in the room should not exceed 15 ° C, so that the plants do not stretch;
• prepare deep containers for a dive; there must be a hole in the bottom;
• wait for the appearance of two real leaves - after about 2 weeks.

Seedling picking

It takes place around the beginning of April and includes stages:

• if space permits, containers are prepared according to the number of sprouts, otherwise some of the sprouts can be transplanted into a box;
• containers are filled with soil. It is desirable that this be the same type of soil in which the viola is to grow in the open air;
• thoroughly water the soil in new containers and make a depression in it;
• pour the soil into containers with sprouts from a watering can.
• for better extraction of sprouts, you can use convenient objects: a spoon handle or a spatula;
• if the seedlings are grown in peat pellets, the dive stage is not needed - the viola continues to grow until it is planted in open ground.

Note! Slight damage to the roots is not harmful to the plant. This will be a plus: it will launch the root system growth program.

The next month is devoted to such care of the seedlings, in which it will take root faster and continue to grow:

• moderate watering;
• hardening on the balcony or loggia in the daytime;
• in the presence of 6 leaves, you can cut off the top - the plant will begin to bush better;
• temperature regime 16-18 ºС.

Planting pansies in open ground

In early May, buds appear on the bushes. This is a sign that the viola can be sent to the flower bed. A possible drop in temperature, even slight frosts, will not harm the plants.

Preliminary follows:

• determine the place where the flowers will grow - it should not be a lowland;
• sufficient, but brightly lit place - partial shade or an area under trees with diffused sunlight is suitable;
• make holes of sufficient depth at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other;
• pour water into the holes, pour handfuls of vermicompost;
• pull the plant out of the container, crushing it slightly from the sides;
• place the viola in the hole, sprinkle with earth, water.

Plant care during the summer

• periodic watering as needed;
• obligatory loosening after watering;
• mulching the soil around the bush with sawdust;
• control of weeds that weaken the plant;
• timely removal of wilted flowers will stimulate the formation of new buds;
• removal of reddened leaves, they will be if frost has occurred;
• fertilizing with mineral fertilizers.

Note! If the plant is planted in a flower bed, it must be fed 1-2 times per season. When grown in decorative pots, every two weeks.

Mineral fertilizer prices

mineral fertilizers

Video - Pansies: care and reproduction

Growing pansies with seeds in the open field

Growing seedlings can be organized by sowing seeds directly into open ground. The crucial moment is to determine the sowing time. If sown too early, the violet will bloom without getting enough root mass. By winter, the plant will weaken and may not tolerate frost. With late planting, the viola will not be able to root well enough and get stronger for wintering after a dive. The optimal time depends on the region - in the Leningrad region it is the second half of July, in the middle lane - the second half is the end of May.

To do this, perform the following work:

• choose a well-drained place, in the lowland the violet will freeze out;
• the best option is loamy or sandy loam soil with acidity not higher than 8pH;
• carefully prepare a place for future crops - dig up the beds, outline the rows;
• sow seeds to a depth of 1 cm at a distance of 15-20 cm from each other;
• lightly sprinkle with earth on top and mulch;
• form each variety in a separate row.

Seedlings will appear on the 10-14th day.

Crop care:

• watering with a watering can, providing drip irrigation so as not to wash out the seeds;
• loosening of row spacings.

After 2 weeks, the plants are planted in a permanent place, the distance between shoots and rows is 20 cm. In order for the viola to get stronger and take root well by winter, it should be ensured.

Pansies, which are known under the elegant name viola or under the academic name - violet Vitrokka, will help to create a multi-colored velvet carpet in your corner of paradise. The traditional colors of this culture are purple and yellow. Over time, breeders have developed about 200 varieties with stunning shades. So the garden violet became a lush blooming and beautiful decoration of the garden.

The violet family has many features in planting, care, and cultivation. To enjoy such beauty both in spring and autumn, you need to know some nuances. You should also choose the right variety for planting.

Flower characteristic

The shades of the petals are so rich that even in the photo pansies look incomparable. You can see this beauty in early spring, when it gets warmer. Some varieties are pleasing to the eye throughout the summer, because they can easily tolerate hot weather. Others feel great in the velvet season, as they can even withstand frost. Among other things, varieties have been bred that are resistant to low temperatures. All this variety is classified as follows.

Frost resistance

These plants can bloom even at the end of February. Low temperatures in the morning or light frost will not spoil the delicate flowers. Gardeners carefully select winter-hardy specimens for their summer cottage. These varieties mainly include:

For all winter-hardy varieties, the compact size of the shrub is characteristic (the flower diameter reaches 6 cm). Some varieties of this viola produce abundant blooms. It is they who delight the owners with their charm for a long time.

Flower size and shape

They come in small caliber: 3-5 cm (Snow Maiden, blue boy and little red riding hood). The buds bloom from small sinuses. Pansy flowers are solitary, but together they make up a gorgeous look. Such giant varieties look especially luxurious:

The peduncle of such titans reaches 10-12 cm in length, and the diameter of the flower is more than 7 cm. They can be monochromatic, as well as with exquisite spots or patterns. Among the large-leaved varieties, the most popular are:

The length of the branched stem is 10 cm, and the diameter of the flowers does not exceed 5 cm. The delicate petals of a tricolor violet have both smooth edges and wavy (jagged) edges.
The crimped petals of the Flamenco, Chalon Supreme and Rococo varieties have an exotic look, as well as an unusual variegated color (shaded color in the center).

Color spectrum

The palette of Vitrokka violets is striking in its variety. Tricolor specimens in dark shades of blue, purple and red look unusually on the flower bed. Violas, snow-white with a greenish tint, will become a breathtaking property of the garden. At the same time, blue, lilac, yellow and burgundy (with bizarre spots) exhibits will add a touch of romance to the suburban area.
Varieties with contrasting stripes, borders and incomparable eyes look special near the house. Such a colorful description of pansies is endless, because it is difficult to see all 250 varieties at once.

Bush height

Low-growing crops reach 15 cm in height, and giants - up to 30 cm. In diameter, a viola bush can grow from 6 to 12 cm. Since this plant perfectly tolerates shaded areas, it can be safely grown in a garden between trees.

The flowering period can be artificially extended. To do this, it is necessary to constantly remove the wilting flowers, preventing them from turning into seed bolls.

Flowering period

As already noted, pansies are able to delight with their stunning flowering in the season of the year that the owners want. So it can:

• march or April;
• summer months (withstand heat and drought);
• the autumn period (snowfalls and a drop in temperature are calmly tolerated).

Therefore, the garden can be transplanted into pots (plastic boxes) and decorate balconies, facades of houses, loggias, as well as windows with them. To do this, you need to periodically loosen the ground and water the plants.

It is important to ensure that the soil is not wet for a long time, because the roots can begin to rot.

Planting Secrets

The first step is to choose a variety and a suitable place for it on the site. Many housewives prefer large-caliber varieties. Single-flowered specimens look amazing in a flower bed surrounded by other flowers. However, as experience shows, it is the violas with small petals that are the most hardy.
Such crops survive both during the rainy season and during sudden changes in temperature. Therefore, in the northern regions it is better to plant small-flowered varieties, because in the southern latitudes the inflorescences become smaller. The same applies to giant varieties if they grow for long periods in hot and dry climates.

It is better to plant a crop in an open area. Access to heat and direct rays should be at least 5-7 hours per day. It is worth watering the flower beds once a week. Depending on the weather, you can do it twice.

Landing place

It is important to consider that pansies are perennials and annuals. This means that they are bred for both one year and two or three. The growth period largely depends on the labor that the gardener is willing to invest in these garden exhibits, and processing technologies. It was noticed that if you feed the soil with fertilizers, at least once a week, then the stem grows faster, and the inflorescences become more luxuriant.
Favorable conditions for planting and caring for pansies will be the following parameters:

1. Soil type. Dry soil mixed with sand or stones is not suitable for viola. The soil should be fertilized in order to saturate the young roots with nutrients. It must contain enough moisture.
2. Shading degree... It is important to find a middle ground here. A thick shadow will lead to the degeneration of the plant, and the scorching sun will destroy it.
3. Good care. Takes care of the regular watering of the sprouts. Around the rhizome (at a distance of 2-3 cm) should be made from leaves or dried grass. From time to time you need to pluck spoiled stems or petals.

When an amateur gardener has decided on a place and has chosen a suitable variety, then you can start the sowing process. There are several ways to do this.

Boarding time

The first option is to grow pansies yourself from seeds. When to plant depends on the period in which the grower wants to get a thriving crop. These varieties germinate well at temperatures of 16-18 ° C. So, if you sow seeds in a container in winter (at the end of January), then after 2-3 months the seedlings can be transplanted into the soil. At the same time, it is important to correctly calculate the date of the last frost in advance.
You can see what time they were last year, and from that date you can count 3 months. This will be the date of the dive into the open ground, only next year.

Those who plan to see this beauty in their garden in the fall need to sow during July. Then by September, when the heat subsides, the sprouts will be ready to be transplanted into the ground.

Perennial crops can be sown directly outdoors in the middle of summer. However, the sun can scorch tender sprouts, so they should be covered with greenery, but so that there is no greenhouse. By the end of August, the seedlings should get stronger in order to successfully survive the winter. To do this, they need to be watered every 7 days and fertilize the soil, alternating mineral and organic fertilizing. At the end of summer, the sprouts are transplanted to another place. At the same time, it is important not to let them bloom, because this will deplete the plant before wintering.
As a result, in the spring you can take a lovely photo of pansy flowers and enjoy their delicate fragrance.

Landing nuances

Garden viols, although not very picky flowers, still require special treatment. When sowing seeds, you must follow a number of simple rules:

• loosen and slightly moisten the soil;
• mix seeds with sand so as not to sow too thick;
• it is not recommended to bury the seeds deeply in the ground;
• they need to be watered with a watering can with a fine strainer so as not to wash off the seed with water;
• store the tray for the first week in a dark place;
• then it is important to place the container in a more illuminated room;
• periodically, a box with seedlings that are already 25 days old is taken out into fresh air (at a temperature of + 6 ° C) to harden the sprouts.

When transplanting seedlings into open ground, it is important to adhere to a special system. You need to dive the culture in early May. And literally in 3-4 weeks inflorescences will appear. It is recommended to transplant tubers in the evening, when it is cool and there is no sun. They should be planted at a distance of 25 cm, because they are able to grow. If forecasters promise frosts, then the beds should be covered with straw.

Strong winds can damage the plant. Therefore, it is important to make a protective fence for the flower bed with viola.

Care and protection against pests

Pansies will bloom wildly with proper care and conditions. A winter without snow is a destructive factor for plants. Therefore, it is advisable to cover the beds with mulch and a special tarpaulin. Among other things, it is important to keep an eye on the following:

1. The soil should always be soft and moist. Therefore, the soil must be constantly loosened. Moisten the soil only after it is completely dry.
2. Feed with fertilizer. You cannot do this with fresh manure. It is better to use humus in a proportion of 5 kg per sq. m or compost.
3. The place should be well ventilated.
4. Make a box hut to protect from direct rays.
5. Defective shoots should be pinched off immediately.
6. Remove dried leaves.

These simple rules promote the lush bloom of the viola. Yet pests are a danger to her. These can be such manifestations:

This plant is not really whimsical. Therefore, pests and diseases almost in rare cases interfere with the growing season, as well as the lush flowering of the crop. As a result, you can always enjoy the beauty of pansies.

How to grow pansies - video

Pansies are scientifically called Vitrokka violet. They are grown in summer cottages, decorating flower beds, and also on balconies. The plant is unpretentious: it can be transplanted even during the flowering period and planted in early spring, as soon as the snow disappears. Pansies bloom early and bloom profusely. If done correctly, their colorful flowers will delight the eye from spring to late autumn.

Pansies: growing

There are 2 main ways to cultivate pansies: growing from seeds and cuttings. Seeds can be planted in 2 ways: in open ground and in boxes. When the plant has faded, a fruit with seeds remains on it, which is used for further sowing. The seeds can be harvested when the capsule turns pale yellow or turns white. The seed will ripen during drying. It can be stored for 3 years. Sowing pansies depends on the desired flowering period. To obtain good flowering in early spring, sow in late June - early July of the previous year.

Seeds are planted in nurseries or well-cultivated beds in loose rows. They sprout 1 - 2 weeks after planting, and after 2 - 3 weeks you can see the emergence of shoots. The sprouts dive, and at the end of August they are planted in the place of the intended flowering at a distance of 25 cm from each other. If you want to get flowers in the same year, it is recommended to sow seeds in boxes. Then the seedlings are transplanted into a flower garden.

Sowing seeds of pansies in boxes is carried out in February, scattering them over the surface of the moistened soil. Do not forget to sprinkle them with a thin layer of earth. The boxes are placed in a dark place, maintaining a temperature of 15 - 20 degrees. They need to be covered with glass, and periodically ventilated and moisten the soil. When the seeds sprout, the temperature should be lowered to 10 degrees and the box with sprouts should be placed in sunlight. You can dive flower seedlings in about 10 to 20 days. Planting in open ground is advised in May.

If you have chosen to grow a plant using cuttings, it must be done immediately in the open field in May - June. The final green shoots with 2 - 3 nodes are cut from the bush. They are planted in a shaded area tightly to each other to a depth of 5 mm. Water the soil well and spray the cuttings with water. The roots appear in a month. If cuttings are made in spring, pansies will bloom in summer or early autumn, and if closer to autumn, then in the spring of next year. Cutting rejuvenates the plant by preventing the bushes from overgrowing. From 1 large bush, you can get 10 cuttings.

Pansies: proper care

To date, there are about 400 species and several hundred varieties of pansies. Winter varieties bloom very early. Luxurious flowers of the Swiss large-flowered group are plant varieties with a flower diameter of up to 10 cm. Their color is with large spots, a border around the edge and stripes of different tones.

The color palette is quite rich - these are yellow, orange, wine red, deep black, cyan, blue and purple colors.

Main varieties: Rhine Gold, Bride, Flame, Sun Kiss, Black King, Love Duet.

This plant is not whimsical to care for. Pansies are quite shade-tolerant, but if grown in partial shade, the flowering will not be as abundant, but longer. Fertile and moist loamy soil is recommended for planting pansies. Make sure that the melt water does not stagnate, otherwise it can lead to rotting of the plant root system and its death.

You need to water the flower 2 - 3 times a week. On hot and dry days - every day. It is necessary to feed the plant with complex mineral fertilizers, which include phosphorus, potassium, nitrogen and other microelements. You need to fertilize the violet both before budding and during flowering. Seedlings can be fed with superphosphate and ammonium nitrate (20-40 g per 1 m²). Do not fertilize pansies with fresh manure.

In order for the plant to bloom for a long time, remove faded flowers and dry leaves in time. Be sure to weed the beds where the pansies grow, removing the weeds. Remember to loosen the ground.

With regard to diseases and pests, aphids, scoops, spotting, powdery mildew, blackleg, root and stem rot are common. You may face these problems if you violate the agricultural technique of planting, growing and caring for pansies. You can fight pests and diseases with special preparations that are sold in shops for gardeners.

Pansies flowers: photo

Pansies are very beautiful and unpretentious flowers that will decorate any summer cottage. You can transform stony crust and small flower beds with them. Pansies look beautiful in hanging pots that decorate balconies, verandas and terraces. Follow the planting rules and do not forget to care for the plant so that its lush flowering continues until late autumn.

Pansies are scientifically called the violet Vitrokka. They are grown in summer cottages, decorating flower beds, and also on balconies. The plant is unpretentious: it can be transplanted even during the flowering period and planted in early spring, as soon as the snow leaves. Pansies bloom early and bloom profusely. If done correctly, their variegated flowers will delight the eye from spring to late autumn.

Varieties of Pansies

Small-flowered. The diameter of small varieties of flowers usually does not exceed 4 cm. These include such types of viola as Little Red Riding Hood with bright red flowers or Blue Boy with delicate blue flowers.

Large-flowered. Viola bushes of a large-flowered variety reach a height of up to 20 cm.Their flowers are usually quite large, an average of 5 cm in diameter.They are located on long pedicels from 8 to 11 cm high.This variety includes such species as the Heavenly Queen, Evening Heat, Winter Sun, Jupiter and many others.

Gigantic. The height of the pansy bush of gigantic varieties can reach 25 cm. Their flowers are large, sometimes more than 6 cm in diameter. Pedicels are as long as in large-flowered varieties. Although sometimes they can reach 12 cm. The gigantic varieties include Viola Blue, Golden-yellow and White.

Perennials or annuals?

Pansies can be grown as annual and perennial flowers. It all depends on the climatic conditions in which the plants are grown and the labor that you are willing to put in.

These flowers are quite frost-hardy, but even in central Russia they are not always able to survive the cold winter. - - Particularly vulnerable are plants that were planted late, did not bloom well and left weakened before winter. Viola does not tolerate wintering well in winters with little snow; spring thaws with subsequent night frosts are especially dangerous for flowers.

In order for the viola not to freeze, it is necessary to avoid low damp places for planting, cover the flowers for the winter with material, and in winter carry out snow retention in a flower bed with pansies. In order for the viola to bloom earlier, it is better to close the flower bed with foil in early spring. Growing an annual viola is a more predictable process.

Pansy landing

Before sowing, it is recommended to soak viola seeds for a day in a solution of "Zircon" or "Epin". The substrate is suitable ready-made, intended for growing violets, you can easily buy it at any flower shop. The further procedure is as follows:

• Pour the soil mixture into a container and level thoroughly.
• Cut grooves in the soil, spread the viola seeds in them and sprinkle them with ground rubbed in the palms of the earth. Water the crops gently.
• Cover the container with foil or glass and store in a cool (about + 15 ° C) place.

The first shoots will appear in 7-10 days. When the viola germinates, the box with crops, freed from the shelter, is placed under diffused lighting and the ambient temperature is lowered to +10 ° C. Seedling care involves regular moderate watering and feeding with a weak solution of mineral fertilizers every 15 days. In the phase of the first pair of true leaves, the grown bushes dive into separate pots, and after 2-3 weeks are transferred to a permanent place of growth.

Plants are planted in open ground in shallow wells prepared in advance, added with earth and watered. In order to avoid thickening of plantings between adjacent specimens, it is recommended to maintain a distance of 15–20 cm. The culture transfers the transplant painlessly and takes root in a new place in just a couple of days. Pansies grown through seedlings bloom in late May - early June.

Choosing a place for pansies

I choose a light partial shade for my viols. In the shade, the flowers quickly become smaller and stop blooming, and in the bright sun, and even in our sultry and dry summer, they are hot, then the plants are sluggish, and the tips of the leaves begin to turn yellow.

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Even funny eyes do not like too wet soil, they do not tolerate dampness, so it is better not to plant them in lowlands.

Sandy, clayey, heavy soil is not suitable for these flowers. On fertile, loose and moisture-absorbing viols will bloom longer and require less maintenance.

Preparing the soil for pansies

Viola grows well on loose, drained, organic-rich soils. The distance between seedlings should be within 15 - 20 cm for compact varieties and 25 - 30 cm for other varieties. When placed in containers and hanging baskets for pansies, any ready-made garden soil with a small pinch of extended-release compound fertilizer will do. When planting seedlings, make sure that the top level of the earthy coma of each plant coincides with the ground level at the planting site.

Sowing pansy seeds

In conditions of the middle lane, pansies are best grown as a biennial.

The seeds should be sown in the summer of the previous year. The best sowing date is early July. With a later sowing, the seedlings turn out to be a little bushy and do not have time to get stronger before winter. At early sowing dates, the seedlings outgrow, bloom in the fall and go into overwintering weakened, often weakened. Seeds can be sown in rows on ridges, sparsely.

Seedlings appear in 6-12 days. They should be unpacked. In this state, seedlings overwinter. In spring, plants can be transplanted into flower beds. Feeding area 25 × 25 cm.

Pansies can also be used as an annual crop. To do this, the seeds must be sown in March in a room or greenhouse, picking seedlings should be carried out in April, and planted in the ground in May.

With this method, the plants bloom longer, but less abundantly, the flowers become smaller. For autumn flowering, seeds must be sown in April May.

Pansies care

The most important thing is watering. Its intensity depends on the type of flower. Plants with large, strongly colored flowers need a lot of moisture, so you need to water more often and abundantly. But you can water only when the soil is slightly dry. If the soil remains wet, even if the flowers have not been watered for a long time, you do not need to do this - the roots are guaranteed to rot from stagnant water. In the summer, so that the pansies do not suffer from the heat, it is useful to spray them every morning.

Experienced flower growers say that it is not necessary to water the viola every day (except in very hot weather), but every other day. After watering or rain, be sure to loosen the soil in the area with the viola. Pansies really do not like sudden changes in temperature. If there is little snow in winter, the plants will freeze at very low temperatures. Flowers can also die in spring - in those days when there are frosts at night, and the sun warms up strongly during the day.

In order to prevent the death of flowers in winter, you can additionally cover them with snow; in the spring, you can protect plants from frost with the help of ordinary plastic wrap, equipping it with a kind of greenhouse for the night. When the pansies begin to bloom profusely, the faded buds must be removed from the bushes in a timely manner. This will help to appear and bloom new faster and will not allow fruiting - after it the pansies no longer bloom.

Caring for pansies during flowering

Pansies will actively develop and bloom if fed periodically. Complex mineral fertilizers are used to feed these flowers. Fertilizing these flowers with organic ingredients is strictly prohibited. During the period of abundant flowering, in summer, on the bushes, it is necessary to timely remove faded buds in order to allow new ones to bloom. In addition, this procedure will prevent the fruiting of plants, after which the pansies stop blooming.

In order to successfully grow them, planting seedlings at home is carried out in nutrient soil. On a poor and sandy land, plants will become smaller, losing their decorative effect. You can improve the composition of such a soil using plant compost. Five kilograms of the substance are introduced per 1m2. Pansies are very fond of the sun, so they can only be grown in a well-lit place. Under this condition, the plants will bloom for a long time and abundantly. In a shaded place, due to a lack of light, the bushes become pale, and the flowers on them become small. After the end of the flowering period, spring varieties are dug up, and summer species are planted in their place.

To obtain seeds, healthy and compact spring bushes are selected at home. They are planted in a seedbed and watered periodically. Since pansies are cross-pollinated plants, a certain space must be observed when planting different varieties. This allows you to get seeds with all the characteristics of the mother bush.

After the seed pod turns yellow, collect the seeds. It is very important not to be late here, because after ripening, the capsule cracks, and the seeds fall into the ground.

Feeding Pansies

Top dressing for pansies must be applied regularly, namely, they should be carried out at least twice a season. The main feeding is carried out when the plant is gaining buds, with fertilizers such as nitrophoska and Agricolka. Subsequent feeding is done during the rapid flowering of the plant using a fertilizer called Agricolka-7.

To feed pansies, you need mineral fertilizers with potassium, nitrogen, phosphorus and other microelements that are part of them. After planting, the seedlings need to be fertilized with superphosphate, nitrate. It is forbidden to add fresh manure to the soil where pansies live.

From the moment the temperatures drop, the amount of dressing is reduced and, preparing the plant for wintering, the flowerbed is covered with sawdust, peat or other insulation.

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Reproduction of pansies

Propagation by cuttings is important to preserve the variety you like for the next year. Also, from one mother plant, you can get many young Anyutok from cuttings.

For cutting pansies, take apical cuttings with 2-3 nodes. Planted in a dark place with moist soil. Planting depth 0.5 cm, planting cuttings should be dense. 1 m? 400 cuttings. Pansy cuttings root perfectly in water and soil. Cover with cellophane to maintain high humidity. Rooting occurs after 3-4 weeks.

If cuttings are cut in May and June, such plants bloom in August of the same year. When the cuttings are cut later, the annihilation from the cuttings bloom next year. Such plants are covered and left in the garden to winter.

Cutting helps not only to propagate the hybrid, but also to rejuvenate the planting. Since at the age of 3 years, Pansies tend to overgrow to the detriment of flowering.

What problems may arise

If you notice that the flowers have begun to shrink, then the reason is in depleted soil. Apply organic fertilizer at the rate of 5 kg per sq. M.

Aphids can overcome pansies, but they are easy to fight. The store has special means for this, and such a folk remedy as soap solution is still relevant in the fight against this pest. In a sunny place, the flowers of pansies are larger and brighter, but the flowering period is shorter than that of pansies, which grow in partial shade. Although their flowers will be smaller, the flowering period is longer.

If you want to collect seeds from your own plants, then transplant the strongest bushes to a separate (seed) bed and do not forget to water it. Let me remind you that pansies are a self-pollinating plant, so if you don't want to mix varieties, plant them far from each other. Seed boxes are considered ripe when they turn yellow and turn upward (in August). But do not be late, these boxes have one feature - they crack arbitrarily.

When the boxes are collected, take out the seeds, dry them and send them to be stored in the refrigerator.

That's all the wisdom of growing this gentle, touching flower. If you have anything to add or dispute, welcome to the comments. And do not forget to click one or more social media buttons where you are registered. Share information with your friends and family.