Clasp prostheses with locks and with clamp fixation: advantages and disadvantages. Clasp prosthesis on clasps - a great alternative to modern implants White clasps on dentures

Anastasia Vorontsova

Clasp prosthesis on clasps is one of the most common types of removable dentures.

Clasps are made of metal and are hooks that are necessary to fix the structure in the patient's mouth. They, in addition to the holding function, also perform a support function.

Klammer evenly distribute the chewing load between the teeth and gums. The hooks of the clasp design clasp the abutment tooth in the area of ​​its neck.

To fix the prosthesis to the teeth, there is no need to grind them.

Clasp prosthesis consists of:

• arcs;
• base with artificial teeth;
• supporting element.

The most common supporting and retaining element of the clasp structure is a clasp (metal hook).

It can be made of stainless steel, gold-based metal alloys. For each patient, a clasp of the appropriate form is selected individually.

The arch and clasp are part of the cast frame of the clasp prosthesis, on which there is a plastic bed with artificial teeth. The cast frame is made of dental alloy and easily withstands significant chewing loads.

There are several types of clasp fasteners:

• Retaining clasps. When loaded, they settle and transfer pressure to the oral mucosa.
• Support hooks. The pressure that occurs during eating, talking, clenching and unclenching the teeth is transmitted to the abutment teeth and partially to the oral mucosa.
• Support - holding clasps.

The structure of the support-retaining clasp:

• The body of the clasp is the main fixed part located in the upper part of the tooth.
• Clamp shoulders are elements adjacent to the surface of the abutment tooth in front and behind. Allocate retention and stationary parts of the shoulder.
• The occlusal overlay prevents the clasp structure from sinking into the oral mucosa and transfers the vertical load to the abutment teeth.
• The process of the clasp is a section of the body of the clasp, turning into the basis of the structure.

There are clasp structures:

• In shape - flat, tape, semicircular, round.
• According to the girth of a tooth or dentition - one-arm, two-arm, annular, single-link, double.
• Depending on the purpose of application - holding, supporting and supporting - holding.
• According to the method of manufacture and material - cast (they have greatly reduced spring properties) and bent (made from special blanks).

Requirements for clasps for clasp structures

• Ensuring the fixation of the prosthesis.
• Transmission of chewing pressure along the axis of the tooth.
• Rational distribution of chewing pressure between the oral mucosa and teeth.
• No effect on the tooth of the clasp at rest.
• No load on the supporting apparatus of the tooth.
• With periodontitis, the multi-link hook should perform a fixing function.

Indications

Clasp prostheses with clasp fixationare recommended in the following cases:

• In the presence of an end defect of the teeth.
• Missing one or more teeth.
• For splinting with periodontitis or periodontal disease.
• The presence of a deep bite and bruxism, if other methods of prosthetics are contraindicated.
• In orthopedic treatment in the event of increased tooth wear.
• Atrophic process of the alveolar process, if it is impossible to use a lamellar structure.
• The presence of a flat palate and pronounced maxillary tubercles.
• Diabetes mellitus and other diseases in which weakness of the capillaries of the oral mucosa is expressed.

Contraindications

The use of removable dental structures is possible in almost all patients, since contraindications to this method there is no prosthetics.

Unfortunately , Clasp prosthetics on clasps has one essential requirement: the patient must have several supporting teeth to which the structure will be attached.

There may be temporary contraindications to clasp prosthetics with clasp fixation:

• Acute diseases of the oral cavity.
• During and after radiation therapy.
• Poor oral hygiene.
• The state of pregnancy.

Advantages

Clasp prosthetics on clasps has the following advantages:

• Comfort and functionality.
• Due to the uniform distribution of the chewing load, the development of pathological changes in the oral cavity slows down.
• Taste and temperature sensitivity is not disturbed.
• No effect on diction.
• Quick adaptation to the design.
• Ease of use and care.
• Able to strengthen loose teeth.
• Securely fixed.
• Low cost compared to other types of removable prosthetics.

disadvantages

Cons of clasp prostheses:

• Lack of aesthetics, because in some cases, metal hooks attached to the abutment teeth may be visible.
• A long period of adaptation and rubbing of the oral mucosa with metal hooks during meals.
• The need for hygienic cleaning of the prosthesis.
• The cost is higher than plate designs.

Manufacturing

Manufacturing stepsclasp prosthesis with clasps:

• Patient examination. Preparation of teeth for prosthetics.
• Grinding teeth for crowns. Hooks will be attached to them and the structure will be fixed.
• Removal of casts from the jaws of the patient.
• Determining the color of artificial teeth.
• Protection from prepared teeth with temporary crowns.
• Fabrication of crowns and clasp construction in the laboratory.
• Fixation of crowns on teeth.
• Trying on the frame of the clasp prosthesis.
• Final laboratory fabrication of the structure.
• Delivery of the finished denture to the patient.

Fabrication of the structure in the laboratory

• Based on the impressions obtained, a model is cast from plaster.
• Wax bases with occlusal rollers are made.
• Drawing a frame on a plaster model.
• Duplication of a plaster model.
• Modeling the frame of the clasp structure.
• Frame casting, polishing, grinding.
• Fitting a metal frame on the model.
• Checking the metal frame in the patient's mouth.
• Wax base modeling, selection and installation of teeth on the structure.
• Checking the clasp prosthesis in the oral cavity.
• Replacing the wax part with plastic, grinding and polishing the prosthesis.
• Fitting and imposition of a clasp prosthesis.
• Recommendations for the use and care of the finished structure.

The term for manufacturing a clasp prosthesis on clasps lasts from one to two months.

Video: "Production of a clasp prosthesis"

Care

Artificial teeth, like natural teeth, require careful hygienic care.

• The clasp prosthesis does not need to be removed at night.
• The dental structure must be removed twice a day for oral hygiene and cleaning the prosthesis from plaque and food particles clogged into it. For washing and cleaning the structure, use an ordinary toothbrush and paste.
• After eating, rinse your mouth with water.

With proper care of the prosthesis, its service life will be up to 5 years.

Clasps for dentures are special devices for fixing structures, the types and popular systems of which deserve special attention.

From right choice products depends on the reliability of fixation of dentures. For these reasons, it is recommended that you familiarize yourself with the types and systems of clasps in order to make the right choice.

What are clasps?

It is a small hook covering the adjacent tooth by 2/3. The main task is to securely hold dentures. The device is intended for daily reusable use.

The product is also involved in the precise distribution of pressure on the jaw while chewing food. Used for prostheses such as partial and, as well as.

Design features

All types of systems have general structure, consist of a shoulder, body and process. Some varieties are supplemented with an occlusal overlay.

1. Shoulder - provides the spring properties of the system, is placed around the dental crown. It is made in such a way that there are no sharp protrusions, otherwise the gums and cheeks will be subject to regular injury.
2. Body - placed on the surface of the tooth in contact with food during meals.
3. Process - fixes the product in the prosthesis, is placed under the plastic elements of the system.

Kinds

Orthopedic dentistry offers several types of clasps. Thanks to this, the user chooses the option that suits him from an aesthetic and material point of view.

By type of material:

1. Metal - are the most popular. For their manufacture, stainless steel, gold-platinum alloy and gold are used.
2. Plastics are less popular and are the choice for holding dentures that are visible when the person is talking.
3. device combination.

According to the manufacturing method:

• bent - produced by bending the wire to give the structure the desired shape;
• cast - cast during the manufacture of a denture.

By function:

• supporting - fixed with hooks and put on canines and molars;
• retaining - are distinguished by a long operational period, but because of them, dentures settle;
• combined - support-holding models.

By the form of fasteners:

• planar - provide for such types of fastening as quadrangular, triangular and trapezoidal;
• point - unreliable clasps that do not hold the prosthesis;
• linear - type of fixation: transversal, sagittal and diagonal.

According to the method of connection with the structure:

• hard;
• springy;
• labile.

According to the method of fitting the bracket:

• gingival;
• dental;
• periodontal.

According to the method of grasping the tooth:

• t-shaped;
• one shoulder;
• two shoulders;
• multilink;
• double;
• changeover.

Manufacturing

There are several ways to make clasps. Plastic products are usually made by injection molding. First, the product is shaped with wax, then it is changed to the base material. Stamped models are produced by stamping from metal alloys. Bent systems are made with tongs. The technician may also use pliers or round nose pliers. With their help, the master gives the wire the desired shape.

Stages of manufacturing a clasp in a bent way:

• with the help of tongs, one end of the wire is bent to make the shoulder of the product;
• a second bend of the wire is performed to form the body;
• the wire is bent a third time to form a process.

Ney's clasp system

The main advantage of Ney's clasp system is the absence of the need to use crowns. Thanks to this, a healthy tooth is not injured as a result of grinding, and the load during chewing food is safely distributed to the chewing teeth.

In this case, several fasteners are used to fix the denture. Each latch is located in a specific place to securely hold the product in one position.

Advantages:

• long operational period with daily use;
• practicality;
• elasticity;
• reliability;
• the device does not cause discomfort when wearing it and is practically not felt in the oral cavity.

The Ney system includes several types of fasteners.

Akkera

Akker - budget and high-quality fasteners. It is used when placing a distribution line in the region of the middle of the crown. The product securely fixes the prosthesis and does not displace it. The design has rigid shoulders that prevent the prosthesis from moving to the side.

Fasteners are used when a person does not have one or more teeth, but the fulcrum is preserved. Disadvantages - poor elasticity, so wearing can cause discomfort.

Roach

Roach is the second fastener of the Ney complex, which is in high demand. The design is well springy and evenly distributes the load on the jaw while chewing food.

Fastener contains:

1. Occlusal overlay for alignment with the body.
2. Shoulders of a T-shaped configuration.

Advantages:

• aesthetics;
• can be used for short teeth;
• secure retention of the prosthesis.

The disadvantage is that it cannot be used with such features of the structures of the jaw, when the upper gum is exposed when smiling.

Third type latch

This is a combination of the Acker and Roach brace. In this design, one shoulder is placed near the chewing zone, and the second has a T-shaped configuration.

Fourth type latch

Such fasteners are also called reverse acting. The retainer is used with a low support, as well as with a roll of canines and small molars.

The rigid area of ​​the structure in this case is located in the place where the large support is located.

Fifth type latch

Another name for fasteners is a one-arm ring retainer. Recommended for use with single inclined teeth. Here the line of separation from the roll area is high, and on the other side is low.

The body of the retainer is placed on the support and completely wraps around the tooth. The main drawback of the retainer is the unreliable retention of the prosthesis, which creates discomfort, especially when chewing solid food.

Other types of fasteners

Flip-over construction of Bonville

Bonneville is a variation of Akker, but the shoulders are pointing in opposite directions. The retainer is designed for a continuous row of teeth. The design securely fixes the prosthesis and creates a high-quality support for it. Fasteners also mask the gaps located between the teeth.

Other advantages of Bonville's flip design:

• prevents food from getting stuck in areas that are considered hard to reach;
• prevents the occurrence of certain pathologies of the oral cavity;
• does not allow the development of the inflammatory process in the gums.

Swenson

Svenson - a clasp used on fangs. The product creates a reasonable load on the abutment teeth, which is especially important when they are mobile.

The disadvantage is that some interval between the molar and the premolar is required to fix the anterior shoulder of the product.

Double shoulder design

There are two types of products:

1. For upper jaw- used from the side of the whole dentition and for two molars located with each other.
2. For the lower jaw - used in the presence of two convergent molars.

Jackson

Jackson - flip clasp. This is a type of support-holding device. The design has two processes and two bodies, is made in the form of a loop, and is also made in two ways - bent and cast.

Video: dentures with and without a clasp.

Adams

Adams is a universal clasp. The design fits snugly to the support, which ensures high-quality fixation of the prosthesis.

Dentoalveolar clasp

Dentoalveolar clasp - plastic is used for production. Applied to the anterior teeth in aesthetically significant areas of the oral cavity. For reliability, plastic is reinforced with wire. This increases the strength of the structure, but negatively affects the quality of the material.

Disadvantages:

• the lip is slightly deformed, protruding forward, which negatively affects the appearance;
• cannot be used for supports with a low crown;
• plates are not reused;
• can not be used for the alveolar process.

The reliability of fixation of the prosthesis and the aesthetics of the smile depend on the clasp. For this reason, it is recommended to approach the choice of design with all responsibility.

Clasp prosthesis on clasps is a reliable type of prosthetics, the best option for partial loss of teeth. This method of prosthetics has a number of advantages over alternative methods of restoring the dentition.

On clasps - one of the most popular types of prosthetics among patients. Clammers are special kind fasteners, which are made in the form of a kind of hooks, clasping the abutment teeth. This is a reliable type of fastening of the prosthesis, which ensures the distribution of the load on the gums and remaining teeth.

Expert opinion. Orthodontist Petrishin R.E.: “In most cases, clasps are made of metal, this is the main disadvantage of this type of prosthetics. In some cases, metal elements are visible when smiling and talking. Fasteners can be made of nylon, which gives greater aesthetics. But nylon cannot provide the strength and secure hold that metal can.”

Types of clasps

Clasps are fasteners in the form of hooks that cover the abutment teeth.

In addition to fixing the structure in the oral cavity, the clasps perform an important job - they distribute the load during chewing. The clasp fastening system is produced in three versions:

1. Retainers clasps have a serious drawback - they sag during chewing, because of which the entire load falls on the gums.
2. reference the type of fasteners distributes the main part of the load on the supporting teeth. The rest of the load falls on the gums.
3. Support-retaining clasps consist of two parts: the fixed one is attached to the top of the tooth. Clamp shoulders are fixed on the front and back sides of the tooth. The mount is equipped with a special pad that prevents the structure from rubbing the mucous membrane.

Depending on the structure of the attachment, there are:

• round, tape,
• according to the method of fixation - with 1, 2 shoulders, with 1-2 link,
• bent or cast, depending on the manufacturing technology.

Bent or cast?

Bent clasps are a reliable and durable type of fasteners. With repeated removal and putting on, such mounts do not lose their characteristics. Thanks to their flexibility and springy properties, bent clasps can be adjusted to any patient's mouth. Some limitations:

• the duration of the “life” of the structure depends on the quality of fastening fixation,
• the fixation method is not suitable for teeth with a large angle of inclination.

Cast fastenings almost do not spring, are made individually and are integral with the design of the prosthesis.

Types of cast fasteners

There are 5 main types of clasp prostheses with a clasp type of fastening:

1. Akker's clasp (may have 2 or 3 links) are used for teeth without a retention area. There is a holding zone on adjacent teeth.
2. Clammer Bonville has shoulders directed in opposite directions.
3. The loophole type of fastening is used for splinting.
4. Swenson's clasps are designed for fangs.
5. The Roach fastening is characterized by long shoulders.

Manufacturing process

Before starting prosthetics, the patient is examined, the oral cavity is sanitized. Impressions are taken from the jaws. In the laboratory, on the basis of casts, the arch, crowns, they are tried on and adjusted. Then, a model of the prosthesis is distinguished from gypsum, and its base is made.

The technician forms the frame, grinds and polishes its surface. The base is tried on, after which artificial teeth and a clasp are attached to it. The doctor fixes the prosthesis in the patient's mouth and gives recommendations on its operation and care.

What are the advantages and disadvantages?

This is the most reliable method of prosthetics for partial loss of teeth.

Clasp prosthesis with clamp fixation has a number of benefits:

• , a thin metal arc does not distort diction, does not violate the perception of taste. The product is small in volume, it does not cause a gag reflex, the risk of its falling out of the oral cavity is significantly reduced,
• with proper care, the design can serve its owner up to 5 years,
• unlike traditional acrylic and nylon products, clasp prostheses do not contribute to bone tissue atrophy,
• reliable metal frame significantly reduces the risk of breakage of the product,
• affordable cost.

One of the worst moments this method prosthetics - not a very aesthetic appearance, since fasteners during prosthetics of the front teeth can be visible. Other minuses:

• for high-quality and complete fixation of the prosthesis, it is important to have healthy supporting teeth in the oral cavity,
• poorly made prosthesis does not look very aesthetically pleasing,
• Improperly fitted clasps can cause structural failure, as well as wear of the abutment teeth.

Indications and contraindications

The clasp prosthetic system is strong and reliable, it is used in solving problems of high complexity. The use of this type of prosthetics is recommended for:

• end defects of the jaw, the absence of single teeth,
• pathological stratification of enamel.

Reliable fastening of the prosthesis in the oral cavity is possible if at least 6 of their teeth remain in the patient's oral cavity. The distribution of the patient's natural teeth on the jaw also plays an important role here. Another condition for reliable fastening of the prosthesis is the sufficient height of the crowns.

The design is made on the basis of casts.

In the manufacture of the design, the type of bite, the general condition of the tissues of the oral cavity are taken into account. Contraindications for installation:

• highly located frenulum of the tongue,
• insufficient crown height,
• atrophy of the alveolar processes,
• dental diseases in the acute stage,
• period of pregnancy.

How to care for a prosthesis?

The service life of the product depends on the quality of care for the oral cavity and the prosthesis itself. There is no need to remove the structure at night. Dentures should be cleaned twice a day. To do this, you can use a regular brush and paste.

It is advisable to rinse your mouth after every meal. clean water. For these purposes, you can also use special solutions.

What is included in the price?

The cost of prosthetics includes:

• specialist advice,
• jaw x-ray,
• taking impressions,
• determining the color of the base and crowns,
• making a prosthesis
• adjustment, advice on use.

The cost of prosthetics does not include the following manipulations:

• extraction of teeth (if the situation requires it),
• implantation in the absence of native teeth.

The doctor will tell you the final cost after the examination, diagnosis and preparation of a treatment plan. In the price list of the clinic, indicative prices are most often indicated.

When lost a large number teeth are shown. If for some reason, for example, because of the high cost, the patient does not want to install implants, clasp prostheses become an alternative.

Clasps are locks with which the product is attached to the remaining teeth of the patient. Clasp prosthesis on clasps has become the most popular means of partial dentures. This is a metal arc on a plastic base. In shape, it completely repeats the place of the gum tissue defect. On the arc are artificial teeth. For fastening along the edges of the arc, clasps are located. These are metal hooks that firmly hold the entire structure on the remaining teeth of the patient. Clasps for dentures are made of different metal alloys. We will talk about the types in detail in a special section.

Anna Losyakova

Dentist-orthodontist

Important! At least 6 healthy teeth are required for installation. Abutment teeth may have a crown.

Characteristics of clasp prostheses:

Indications and contraindications for installation

Now the design has been improved to the maximum. Therefore, they have become an extremely popular type of removable dentures. You can install the structure on one jaw or on both at once.

Anna Losyakova

Dentist-orthodontist

Important! When installing on the upper jaw, you should ask the orthodontist if there will be a special palatal bridge. It connects the saddle parts of the structure and provides a uniform load during chewing.

There are direct indications for their installation:

• jaw teeth partially lost;
• there are end defects on the dentition;
• have periodontal disease (in this case, the prosthesis is used to strengthen the dentition);
• teeth have lost their aesthetic appeal;
• due to the loss of teeth, chewing is disturbed, diction suffers;
• for certain reasons, teeth wear out too quickly;
• flat sky;
• no maxillary tubercles, etc.

A clasp prosthesis with clasps can be installed if at least 6 teeth remain. To withstand the design, they must be in perfect condition. The neck, root, crown, which do not require restoration, should be preserved. If the patient has fewer teeth, for example, 5, the life of the prosthesis is reduced.

The patient will need to visit the doctor 4 times. The entire treatment period will take 3-6 weeks. This includes inspection and initial observation. The final installation procedure is simple, it takes about half an hour. Anesthesia is not required. Healing will take about three weeks from the last tooth extraction.

There are age restrictions for installation. Such prostheses are recommended for installation from 18 years. In most cases, they are needed by patients after 50 years of age.

Anna Losyakova

Dentist-orthodontist

Important! The byugel is sometimes made one-sided. There is no arc in it, since only one side is restored. In this case, there is no reliance on the opposite side. Such prostheses are more comfortable, but they are unstable. Many orthodontists do not recommend making one-sided dentures.

Types of clasps in a clasp prosthesis

In clasp prostheses, clasps of various types are used. They consist of the clasps themselves (hooks) and attachments (locks).

Clasps perform 2 functions:

• fixation (hold the product in the oral cavity at rest, while talking);
• stabilization (hold the structure when chewing).

There are types of clasps according to different characteristics:

• by material (they are made of metal, plastic, or a combination thereof);
• at the place of their fit (dental, gingival, periodontal);
• in shape (semicircular, round, tape);
• according to the method of manufacture (cast, bent, stamped);
• by function (supporting, holding, supporting-holding);
• according to the method of covering the tooth (one-arm, two-arm, annular, double, multi-link, flip);
• according to the method of connection with the base (rigid, springy, articular).

Clasps are made from various metal connections(chromium-cobalt, chromium-nickel, gold-platinum). They are bent or produced by casting.

Manufacturing

The creation process is as follows:

1. Initial visit to the doctor. The task of the orthopedist in this case is to examine the oral cavity, to select teeth that can become a support. Clasps are then attached to them. The orthopedist will make an individual impression, which is then sent to the laboratory.
2. The technician casts an arc (framework). He is guided by the form of the cast. Acrylic is applied to the frame. Then a series of artificial teeth is attached. The bite of the patient must be taken into account so that the artificial teeth match as closely as possible with the patient's own teeth remaining. The prosthesis is made within a week.
3. During the second visit, the patient is put on the fabricated structure.

Advantages and disadvantages

The benefits are:

1. Metal clasps firmly hold the structure.
2. Thanks to the strong metal arc, the thickness of the plastic base can be kept to a minimum. This significantly reduces the feeling of discomfort, allows you to quickly get used to the prosthesis. If the prosthesis is well made, adaptation takes 2-3 days.
3. Neighboring teeth during installation of the structure are not turned. This allows you to keep them healthy, without damage.
4. The design allows you to solve many possible defects - the absence of the last teeth, the absence of the front teeth (3-4 or more), multiple jaw defects.
5. Clasp prostheses, albeit partially, can be repaired. If the clasps have broken off, they can be restored.
6. When chewing, clasps contribute to the correct distribution of the load.
7. The arc is made of a durable metal alloy - titanium. It provides structural strength. Although clasp prostheses are recommended to be worn for 5 years, many patients manage to use them much longer due to a good margin of safety.
8. This type is the most inexpensive among removable dentures.

Among the disadvantages are the following:

1. Regular maintenance of this structure will be required.
2. The shape of the prosthesis, although as close as possible to natural teeth, can still differ. This affects its convenience. Dentures are not as comfortable as implanted teeth.
3. Metal clasps can be considered an aesthetic design flaw. They are very noticeable. Now there are clasp prostheses that are fixed with locks. They are not as visible.
4. The metal arc may cause discomfort. It increases the volume of the prosthesis.
5. There is a load on the abutment teeth, due to which they are destroyed over time.
6. The load is transferred not to the bone itself, but to the area of ​​the gum, where the teeth are lost. For this reason, the bone atrophies over the years.

Features of care

After installing the product, it is very important to properly care for it. The mistake of many patients is that they wear the design, practically without taking it off. This is wrong, because during operation, food residues can accumulate under the base. Bacteria quickly develop in them, it has an irritating effect.

Anna Losyakova

Dentist-orthodontist

Important! If you do not remove the prosthesis, its life is reduced.

If you have installed a similar design, it is important to remember that you need to use it daily. You can't wear it from time to time. If a break occurs, you will be provided with discomfort. You will have to get used to the design again. If you do not use it for more than a month, the design will become unusable.

It is necessary to constantly monitor the cleanliness of the structure, regardless of whether it is in the mouth or temporarily stays on the cabinet. After you eat, you should clean the structure with soapy water. You also need to clean it before and after the structure is installed in the oral cavity.

Once every six months, cleaning in a special workshop will be required. The master will remove the cracks that have formed, clean the surface of the artificial teeth, and adjust everything to the desired size.

Anna Losyakova

Dentist-orthodontist

Important! If you ignore calibration, professional cleaning, the usability of the product may decrease, it will quickly fail.

Cleaning methods

The method of daily cleaning is washing with soap and water after each meal. It is better if the water is boiled. It will definitely not contain any microorganisms. This is an intermediate method that needs to be supplemented by others.

Before going to bed, the product is dipped in a solution for disinfection. Special disinfectant tablets are sold at the pharmacy. The prosthesis is lowered into the solution for 5-10 minutes. During this time, food residues and soft deposits are completely removed from the surface.

Storage

If you check out a product, it must be placed in . In it, the product can be stored for no more than a month. Dentists do not recommend removing the structure often.

Possible Hazards

The product is destroyed under the influence high temperature, as well as mechanical and chemical effects. I strongly advise against using a damaged structure. It must be shown to the master. He might be able to repair the damage.

Correction, scheduled inspection

Dentists advise twice a year to show the product for a physical examination. The doctor not only looks at the structure itself, but also the oral cavity. It is possible that relocation, correction will be required. Over time, due to tissue atrophy, the fit of the base of the structure in the gum area is disturbed.

The task of the doctor is to find out how much the gum has changed after wearing, to adjust the product to the changed shape of the tissues. If you do not do this, you can lose abutment teeth due to excessive load on them.

Correction will also be required if cracks or defects appear on the structure. A specialist can carry out repairs if the destruction has not become global. You cannot repair the product yourself. This is a direct path to the final breakdown.

When should you see a doctor out of turn?

If there is a constant burning sensation, dryness, discomfort, you need to visit a doctor. The dentist will examine the oral cavity, the product itself, find out the causes of discomfort, eliminate them.

Conclusion

Despite certain disadvantages of clasp prostheses, they are an excellent alternative to implants: they are securely fixed, highly durable, and easy to use. It is also important that they are inexpensive. Not everyone is able to pay the cost of implants. This motivates many patients to choose clasp prostheses.

The technique of making such structures has improved so much that others will not notice at all that these are not their own teeth, but artificial ones. With proper maintenance, they will last a long time without creating problems.

With certain dental problems, the patient has to regularly use dentures in order to maintain aesthetics. appearance, inner self-confidence. In practice, clasp prosthetics are especially popular, where the durable material of false crowns is complemented by the reliable operation of retainers.

What is a clammer

This is a structural element of removable dentures, designed for reliable and durable fixation of artificial teeth. Such a progressive design firmly holds the crown in the oral cavity, is convenient for everyday use, is intended for repeated use strictly for its intended purpose, and will not let a person down at the most inopportune moment. To understand what attracted the clasp prosthesis on the clasps, it is important to study the features of the castle, its characteristics, advantages and disadvantages, if any.

Structurally, the clasps are assembled from three elements, where each tightly covers the support from two sides. Such progressive devices are made in the laboratory by the classical method of deformation of the workpiece or by hardening in special forms. Both claimed methods for dental technicians and orthodontists are characterized by high strength and wear resistance at a significant time cost.

Design features

Clasps are made of acrylic and metal, but the former have a longer service life. In addition, the orthodontist during the technological process actively uses such corrosion-resistant materials as chromium-nickel, chromium-cobalt, platinum and even gold. In this way, the risk of oxidative processes in the oral cavity with potential injuries of the mucous membrane is significantly reduced. Structurally, the proposed models have the following components:

1. Shoulder. This structural element fills the shape of destroyed teeth, tightly fits the enamel surface.
2. Body. The characteristic spring component is located at the equator.
3. Process. This is the so-called "connector", which combines the clasp with the rest of the elements of the removable structure.

Classification of clasps

Inconspicuous hooks for fastening new teeth in dental practice there are several varieties, where each position should ideally fit the type of denture, increase its reliability and aesthetic appearance, and remain invisible to others. By function, clasps are:

1. Support structures. They are put on exclusively on molars, fangs, fixed with locks.
2. holding models. Become the cause of subsidence of dentures, are distinguished by their durability.
3. Combined. They are also called support-retaining in dentistry.

The classification of clasps by configuration is as follows:

1. The planar design provides options for fixing a trapezoidal, quadrangular, triangular shape.
2. Linear model provides a type of fixation of a diagonal, transversal and sagittal shape, depending on the location of the removable crown.
3. Point when fixing with clasps provoke instability of individual positions.

According to the characteristics of the material of manufacture, retainers for false teeth are distinguished:

• metal (use different alloys);
• acrylic (plastic).

According to the area of ​​localization in the oral cavity:

• for the dentition;
• for gums;
• combined.

Ney's clasp system

When studying different types of clasps, it is necessary to focus on the classical Ney system, which was introduced into production in the middle of the last century. The main advantage of this development was the absence of the need to put on crowns. This rule applies to any condition of your own teeth. The proposed sparing method of prosthetics eliminates enamel injury, contributes to the safe distribution of the load on the chewing positions.

To fix a denture, it is important to use several retainers, each of which has its own place in the overall configuration. The rigid component falls on the space above the equator, while the holding element is located below. The springs have a direct impact on the dentition, provide safe chewing, a natural smile.

The clasps of the Ney system are distinguished by the durability of everyday wear, high elasticity in the photo and in reality, and practicality. In addition, they are not felt in the mouth, and the patient has no general discomfort. Extensive dental practice is characterized by five main types of clasps for dentures, which are presented below:

• forked Roach;
• one-shouldered;
• two-shouldered Akker;
• combined;
• ring one shoulder.

Clammer Roach

This sought-after version of the Ney system characterizes the rod clasps. It springs thanks to the structurally long arms, while rapidly reducing the horizontal load on the chewing positions. Rod elements are actively involved on one or both sides, and are made of nickel and chromium alloys. The presence of T-shaped shoulders contributes to the correct distribution of pressure, therefore, they are prescribed without distal support in case of obvious defects in the dentition.

Advantages:

• ideal for short teeth;
• good retention with different areas of support;
• smile aesthetics.

Disadvantages:

• the impossibility of using with the anatomical features of the jaw, when the upper gum is visualized with a smile.

Klammer Akkera

This is the most effective and affordable clasp, because it has a simple design and does not displace clasp prostheses. It is actively used in prosthetics, when one or more positions are missing, but the supports are preserved. It is appropriate to use such a common model exclusively on molars. The frame is strong and even rigid, and among the shortcomings, dentists focus on the lack of elasticity of the material.

Combined

Clasp dentures are used with the specified method of fixation, since it is considered the most practical, simple and affordable for everyday use. Combined designs in one design contain a plastic Roach shoulder and a hard Akker. The retaining element is the Roach rod, located on the side of the tongue. Akker's shoulder runs in an arc in the direction of the gingival margin, and it is appropriate to perform it when the support of the upper jaw diverges.

Making clasps

To create a hook for fixing dentures, you need not only theoretical knowledge, but also certain knowledge within one specialty. The determining criterion for selection is the types of removable structures that are to be held with clasps. In general, the manufacturing technology of such a retainer is identical, the main thing is to strictly observe the process, choose the right material:

1. It is appropriate to bend the clasp with forceps, which are available for every dental technician. As a compromise, pliers and round-nose pliers are used, with which only three bends have to be made.
2. To obtain a shoulder to cover the tooth, it is required to bend one of the ends of the cast wire. The second bend with round-nose pliers is performed to form the body of the clasp, and the third, using both tools, to form the contact process.
3. To fix the shape of the clasp near the body, it is recommended to use round-nose pliers, while with pliers it is better to bend to the alveolar ridge (toothless). Crush the process on the anvil, then make notches for a stronger attachment to the base.

In such an accessible way, one-arm clasps are performed. Patient reviews about the strength of characteristic structures are positive. Two-arm models are made according to the same principle, however, two elements are already involved in the technological process: the first arm is on the threshold of the oral cavity, and the second is on the side of the mouth. Otherwise, the sequence of actions of the dental technician is identical.

Video: hooked dentures